Chemistry Basics
The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element
Atom
The state of matter with a definite shape and volume
A solid
The scale used to measure acidity and alkalinity
pH scale
The part of a product that causes the desired change in the skin
Active ingredient
The document that provides safety information about a chemical product
Safety data sheet
A substance formed when two or more atoms are chemically bonded
Molecule
The state of matter with a definite volume, but no definite shape
A liquid
A solution with a pH below seven
Acid
Ingredients added to improve scent, texture, or appearance
Additives
The first step to preventing chemical injury in the treatment room
Reading the product label and the safety data sheet
A pure substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means
Element
The state of matter with no definite shape or volume
Gas
A solution with a pH above seven
Alkaline or base
A product that helps oil and water mix together
Emulsifier
These protect the skin and eyes when handling chemicals
Personal protective equipment or PPE
A substance made of two or more different elements that are chemically combined
Compound element
A substance dissolved in another substance forms what?
A solution
This pH level is considered neutral
pH of seven
Ingredients that help prevent the growth of bacteria and mold
Preservatives
A chemical reaction that releases heat
Exothermic reaction
A physical blend of substances that can be separated without chemical change
A mixture
The ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance
Solubility
The natural pH range of healthy human skin
4.5 to 5.5
A substance used to adjust or maintain the pH of a product
A buffering agent
This must be done immediately if a chemical enters the eyes
Flushing the eye with water and seeking medical attention