Basics of Chemical Structure
Any substance that occupies space and has mass.
What is matter?
A change in the form or physical properties of a substance, without a chemical reaction or the creation of a new substance.
What is a physical change?
pH stands for...
potential hydrogen
The science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions.
What is Chemistry?
This is used to measure the acidity and alkalinity of substances.
What is the pH scale?
The simplest form of chemical matter and contains only one type of atom.
What is an element?
Characteristics that can be determined only by a chemical reaction and involve a chemical change in the substance.
What are chemical properties?
An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge.
What is an ion?
A chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite proportions.
What is a molecule?
The separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions.
What is ionization?
True or false: Neutrons are subatomic particles with a negative charge.
False. Neutrons are subatomic particles with no charge.
A physical combination of matter in any proportion.
What is a physical mixture?
True or False: An anion is an ion with a negative electrical charge.
True.
A chemical combination of matter in definite proportions.
What is a pure substance?
Alkaline substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products.
What are alkanolamines?
An element that is produced artificially.
What is a synthetic element?
The substance that dissolves the solute and makes the solution.
What is a solvent?
A solution with a pH below 7.
What is an acidic solution?
A stable, uniform mixture of two or more substances.
What is a solution?
A colorless gas composed of hydrogen and nitrogen that has a pungent odor.
What is ammonia?
Sodium chloride is an example of what type of molecule?
Compound molecule
These types of liquids are mutually soluble, meaning they can be mixed together to form solutions.
What are miscible liquids?
These are derived mostly from milk or fruit sugars. They are often used to exfoliate the skin and help adjust the pH of lotion, conditioner, or cream.
What are alpha hydroxy acids(AHAs)?
This refers to how prolonged, repeated, or long-term exposure to certain product ingredients can cause sensitivity in some people.
What is overexposure?
This is required by law for all products sold; includes safety information about products complied by the manufacturer, including hazardous ingredients, safe use and handling procedures, proper disposal guidelines, and precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overexposure.
What is a Safety Data Sheet?