Chapter 5
The amplitude of a wave
What is the height?
the chemical bond that results from the sharing of valence electrons
What is a covalent bond?
6.02 x 10^23 particles
What is Avogadro's number?
calculations to figure out how much I need
What is stoichiometry?
attempts to explain the properties of gases
What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory?
4 numbers that describe the location of the electron within the atomic orbital
What are quantum numbers?
2 or more atoms covalently bonded with a charge
What are polyatomic ions?
Nonmetal + nonmetal
What is a covalent compound and molecule?
converts from one substance in a balanced chemical equation to another
What is the mole ratio?
Unit of temperature
What is Kelvin?
Each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available
What is the Aufbau principle?
shows what is happening in a chemical reaction
What is a chemical equation?
nonmetal + metal
What are an ionic compound and formula unit?
the substance that runs out first
What is the limiting reactant?
P1 x V1 = P2 x V2
What is Boyle's Law?
States the maximum of two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital, but only if the electrons have opposite spins
What is the Pauli exclusion principle?
single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds
What is a decomposition reaction?
mass of an element divided by mass of compound; multiplied by 100
the reactant that has extra left over
What is the excess reactant?
forces that hold particles together in iconic, covalent, and metallic bonds
What are intramolecular forces?
single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbital
What is Hund's rule?
oxygen combines with a substance and releases energy in the form of heat and light
What is a combustion reaction?
n(empirical formula mass) = molecular formula mass
What is the equation to find the GCF of the molecular formula?
actual yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100
What is the percent yield formula?
the point that all three phases could occur
What is the triple point?