History
created first model to include atoms of each element having different masses
Dalton
azimuthal quantum numbers
sublevels (s, p, d, f)
number of sublevels in energy level 3
3 (s, p, d)
impossible to know both energy and exact position of electron
Heisenberg uncertainty
Isotopic notation: 23 protons, 52 neutrons
52 23 X
Bohr
1st quantum number tells
principal energy level
number of electrons possible in energy level 4
32
Pauli exclusion:
no two electrons can have same
4 quantum numbers
Protons, neutrons, electrons in
104 63 X
63 p & e
41 n
first to refer to smallest particles as atoms
Democritus
protons + neutrons =
mass number
orbital notation for O
<> <> <> < <
Hund's rule:
how electrons fill
sublevel
dot notation: Neon
--
-- Ne --
--
subatomic particles discovered with cathode rays
electrons
weighted average
atomic mass
electron configuration for C
1s^2
2s^2
2p^2
Aufbau principle:
how electrons fill...
orbitals
potassium noble gas (abbreviation) notation
[Ar] 4s1
James Chadwick discovered (subatomic particles)
neutrons
energy emissions come in certain QUANTITIES because levels are
quantized
found in all principal energy levels
s
any sample of same compound always contains same % of each element
law of definite composition
atomic mass:
35.67% at 42.3362
64.33% at 40.9768
(15.1013) + (26.1673)
41.2686