Chemistry Exam 2

Equations and formulas

100

What is the formula for Dalton’s law of partial pressure?

P(total)=P1+P2+P3….

200

What is the combined gas law?

P₁V₁/T₁=P₂V₂/T₂

300

What is the formula for Molarity?

Moles/Liters 

400

What is the dilution formula?

C₁V₁=C₂V₂

500

20.0 g of NaOH is dissolved in enough water to give 1.50 L of solution. What is the molarity? 

0.333 mole NaOH/L

Acids and bases

100

Substance that can donate a proton (H⁺) to some other substance

what is an acid

200

As the p^H scale increase the acidity…?

Decreases

300

What is the p^H of 1.00*10^-3

3

400

The p^H of a solution is 6.80. What is the molar hydronium ion concentration for this solution? 

1.6*10^-7

500

Ion product constant for water=?

[H₃O⁺]*[OH^-]

= (1.00*10^-7)*(1.00*10^-7)

= 1.00*10^-14

Organic structures

100

How many bonds can carbon have? 

4

200

Difference between saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons?

Saturated hydrocarbons: all carbon-to-carbon bonds are single bonds 

300

How many carbons and hydrogens does heptane have? 

C₇H₁₆

400

In the fractioning column, what is the lightest vs the heaviest? 

(C₁-C₄): propane lightest

Mineral oil/ petroleum jelly= heaviest

500

Write molecular formulas for all possible halogenated products from the chlorination of methane

CH₃Cl

CH₂Cl₂

CHCl₃

CCl₄

Combustion and oxidation

100

What are the 2 products that come from a combustion reaction? 

CO₂ + H₂O

200

During double-replacement reaction, what is the formula going to be for: AX+BY➡️

AX+BY➡️AY+BX

300

The process where a reactant in a chemical reaction loses one or more electrons

What is oxidation 

400

A🔁 B+ heat= 

Examples: Freezing, condensation, and deposition

What is exothermic

500

____ states that if a stress (change of conditions) is applied to a system in equilibrium, the system will readjust (change the position of equilibrium) in the direction that best reduces the stress imposed on it. 

What is Le Châtelier’s Principle

Colligative properties and osmosis

100

What state is there a dominance of potential energy (cohesive forces) over kinetic energy (disruptive forces) 

Solid state

200

Direct change from the solid to the gaseous state

What is sublimation 

300

Extra strong dipole-dipole interaction between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a small, very electronegative atom (F,O, or N) and a lone pair of electrons on another small, very electronegative atom (F, O, or N)

What is hydrogen bond

400

How are the boiling point and freezing point affected by the addition of a solute? I.e: Lower vapor pressure. 

Hint: antifreeze/salt/coolant

Boiling point increases

Freezing point decreases

500

Crenate, hemolyze, or remain unaffected? 

A. 0.9% glucose solution 

B. 0.9% NaCl solution 

C. 2.3% glucose solution 

D. 5.0% NaCl solution 

A. Hemolyze 

B. Remain unaffected 

C. Hemolyze 

D. Crenate