States of Matter
The three states of matter
Solid, Liquid, and Gas
Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes
Single, double, triple carbon bond
Amino Acids
Have ammonium, carboxylate, and long carbon chains
Ionic vs Molecular
Ionic bonds vs covalent bonds
Acids vs Base
H+ donor vs H+ acceptor
Describe each state of matter
Solid - close particles and slow moving
Liquid - farther particles and quicker moving
Gas - far particles and fast moving
Aromatic Compounds
Benzene ring
Peptide bonds
Between amino acids in primary structure
Attractive Forces
Dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonds, or dispersion forces
Dissociation of Water
Gives H3O+ or OH-
Changes of state
Change of state graphs - melting/freezing, condensation/evaporation, sublimation/deposition
Cis-Trans Isomers
Undergo hydrogenation(adds H2) and hydration(adds H2O)
Bind substrate at an active side to from and ES complex that blocked by inhibators
Covalent Bonds
Occur between nonmetals and can be polar or non polar
Neutralization
Forms salt and water of a weak acid or weak base with it's buffer to maintain pH
Heating/cooling curve
Endothermic/exothermic reactions
Nonpolar Molecules
Low melting/boiling points and are insoluble in water and flammable
Denaturation
By heat, acids, bases, and organic compounds
Ionic Bonds
Between metals/nonmetals to from positive/negative ions
Strong/Weak Acids/Bases
Involves reversible reactions that reach for equilibrium using Le Chatelier's Principle
Pure Substances vs Mixtures
Elements/compounds and homogenous/hertogenous
IUPAC System
Expanded, condensed, and line-angle formulas
Structure
Primary(specific order), secondary(hydrogen bonds), tertiary and quaternary(interactions that create enzymes)
VSEPR Theory
Determines shape and polarity
Dissociation of Water
Gives -log[H3O+] which is pH