Matter & Atomic Structure
This particle determines an atom’s identity and remains unchanged during chemical reactions.
Proton
Elements in the same group of the periodic table share what important chemical property?
Number of valence electrons
Lewis Dot Structures are used to represent what type of electron?
Valence Electrons
A reaction that produces a solid from two aqueous solutions is called....
A precipitation reaction
An atom has a mass number of 31 and an atomic number of 15.
What value represents the number of neutrons.
16 neutrons
Between magnesium and chlorine, which atom will gain electrons during bonding?
Chlorine
This type of bond forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
Ionic Bonds
In a double replacement reaction, what particles exchange partners?
ions
Two neutral atoms have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
This difference is caused by a change in what particle?
The atom's neutrons
An element in Group 17 forms a −1 ion so that it can....
Complete it's octet/outer shell
A Lewis structure that shows too many electrons around an atom violates what rule?
The Octet rule
During a reaction, two ionic compounds react and one set of ions swap places. This can be described as what kind of reaction?
A single displacement reaction
An atom has 12 protons and 10 electrons.
This information can be used to determine what? Answer specifically
That this atom has a +2 charge
An element is most reactive because it can easily lose one electron.
What group is this referring to?
Group 1 (Alkali Metals)
To answer, you must correctly draw the Lewis Dot Structure for CO2:
Carbon dioxide must contain what type of bond to satisfy the octet rule?
A double bond
An acid–base reaction produces what compound, which contributes to neutralization.
H2O
An element forms a +3 ion during a reaction.
This ion formation occurred because the atom....
Lost three electrons
A student compares sodium and neon.
One reacts easily while the other rarely reacts.
This difference is best explained by the fact that.....
Sodium has one valence electron that it will lose while Neon has a full outer shell.
You must correctly draw the Lewis Structure for both molecules in this question in order to answer:
A student compares the Lewis Dot Structures of O₂ and H₂O.
One molecule contains a double bond, while the other contains only single bonds. In one sentence, what is the reason for this?
H₂O contains Hydrogen, which can only ever make single bonds, whereas O₂ can make double bonds.
A reaction is balanced to show that atoms are conserved.
This principle is known as what law?
The Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter