Unit 8 Solutions (1)
Unit 8 Solutions (2)
Unit 9 Matter & Gas Laws (1)
Unit 9 Matter & Gas Laws (2)
Unit 10 Organic
100
Define solution.
A homogeneous mixture (particles of one substance spread uniformly throughout another substance)
100
True or false: Particles in a solution can be filtered out of the mixture by paper filtration.
False; they're way too small!
100
Define kinetic theory.
Particles in all substances are in constant motion (always have some form of kinetic energy).
100
Describe the shape and volume of gases.
Indefinite shape; indefinite volume
100
Define organic chemistry.
The study of carbon and carbon-containing substances
200
Identify and define the two components of a solution.
Solute: substance being dissolved
Solvent: substance that does the dissolving
200
A student adds more solute to a solution and the additional solute dissolves. The solution must have been: a. unsaturated; b. saturated; c. supersaturated
a. unsaturated
200
When a substance is transferred from one container to another, it takes the shape of its new container but retains its original volume. This substance is a: a. solid, b. liquid, c. gas.
b. liquid
200
When a sample of gas is held at a constant temperature, it's volume and pressure are ___________ related.
$50 BONUS: What is the name of this law?
inversely
BONUS: Boyle's Law
200
Carbon atoms must always have ______ bonds.
4
300
Define/describe the Tyndall effect.
The scattering of visible light by particles in a mixture
300
Use Table D to answer this question. A solution holds 90 grams of potassium nitrate in 100 grams of water at a temperature of of 40oC. Is the solution unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated?
Supersaturated
300
In the diagram below, what phase(s) is/are present on line segment BC?
Solid and liquid
300
On the diagram below, what phase change is the substance undergoing from point E to point D?
Condensation
300
A hydrocarbon with all single bonds between carbon atoms is: a. saturated, b. unsaturated.
a. saturated
400
Under what conditions of temperature and pressure are gas particles most soluble in water?
Low temperature, high pressure
400
In terms of solubility, what does it mean when we say "like dissolves like"?
Nonpolar solvents will dissolve nonpolar solutes; polar solvents will dissolve polar/ionic solutes
400
How much energy, in Joules, is released when a 175-gram sample of water is cooled from 86oC to 22oC?
-47,000 J (+/- one sig fig)
400
A 0.75-L sample of gas is held at a pressure of 0.500 atm and a temperature of 16oC. Calculate the new volume when the conditions of pressure and temperature are changed to standard conditions (STP).
0.34 L (+/- one sig fig)
400
Define polymer and provide an example.
A large molecule formed from the joining of many smaller molecules (monomers). Examples: plastics, polyester, rubber, silk, DNA, glue, etc.
500
What is the mass, in grams, of sodium chloride present in 0.15 L of a 0.50 M solution?
4.4 grams (+/- 1 sig fig)
500
List two ways that colloids are similar to solutions.
Particles are too small to filter by paper filtration; particles will not settle out upon standing; may or may not have color
500
What is the mass of a sample of water that absorbs 88,000 J of energy as it melts?
260 g (+/- one sig fig)
500
A 1.00-mole sample of methane is held at a pressure of 101.3 kPa and a temperature of 312 K. What is the volume of this sample?
25.6 L (+/- one sig fig)
500
Consider the following chemical formula: C2H5OH. This substance can be classified as a(n): a. alkene, b. base, c. alcohol, d. organic acid.
c. alcohol