Acids
Where can acids be found?
Lemons, vinegar & sour candies.
Bases ______ protons, or ______ hydroxide ions. Can you fill in the blanks?
Accept, Donate
Kinetics in chemistry is the study of what?
Reaction rates and the factors that affect them.
Thermochemistry is the study of what?
Study of heat changes in chemical reactions.
Swedish chemist, Svante Arrhenius, was the first to propose a theory to...
Explain the observed behavior of acids and bases.
Acids react with bases to produce what?
Salt & Water
Where can bases be found?
Soap, baking soda, ammonia & cleaning products.
The minimum energy required for a reaction to occur...
Activation Energy
_______ Energy is energy of motion, while _________ Energy is the stored energy due to position or composition. What are the types of energy here?
Kinetic, Potential
1. A molecule or ion that donates a hydrogen ion in a reaction...
2. A molecule or ion that accepts a hydrogen ion in a reaction...
1. Brønsted-Lowry acid
2. Brønsted-Lowry base
True or False: The human body uses acids to break down food?
True
Baes have a pH ______ than _. What are the correct answers?
higher, 7
Mathematical expressions that describe how reaction rate depends on reactant concentration.
Rate Laws
The First Law of Thermodynamics states what?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.
1. A Lewis acid is a substance that _______ a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond.
2. A Lewis base is a substance that _______ a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond.
1. Accepts
2. Donates
Acids have a pH _____ than _. Fill in the blanks please.
Lower, 7
When bases and acids react, they produce what?
A neutral solution
What are the four factors that affect reaction rates?
1. Concentration
2. Temperature
3. Catalyst
4. Surface Area
True or False:
1. Exothermic Reactions release heat.
2. Endothermic Reactions also release heat.
1. True
2. False, they absorb heat.
This states that the enthalpy change of a reaction is the same regardless of the number of steps.
Hess’s Law
There are two types of acids. Can you name them?
Strong & Weak Acids
Bases change the color of indicators. Litmus turns ____ in the presence of a base, while phenolphthalein turns ____. What colours do they turn?
blue, pink
The speed at which reactants turn into products...
Rate of Reaction
The heat content of a system at constant pressure...
Enthalpy
Is chemistry cool?
sometimes :)