Module 11 Questions
What is the definition of Diffusion?
Movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
What type of relationships do Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law, and Gay-Lussac’s Law have?
Boyle’s Law - Inverse Relationship
Charles’ Law - Direct Relationship
Gay-Lussac’s Law - Direct Relationship
What is the definition of a Calorie(Cal)?
Amount of energy(heat) needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius
What is the definition of a Reaction Rate?
Change in concentration(mol/L) of a reactant or product over a period of time
What is a Reversible Reaction?
A chemical reaction that can go forwards and backwards
What is the equation for pressure?
Pressure = [Force/Area = Weight/Area]
How do you make the Combined Gas Law equation? What does it show?
Combine all three gas laws into one equation; Shows the relationship in Temperature, Pressure, and Volume
How much is 1 calorie in Joules(J)? How much is 1000 calories? 1000 Joules?
4.184J ; 1 kcal(kilo) ; 1 kJ (kilojoule)
What is the definition of Collision Theory?
Atoms, Ions, and Molecules must collide in order to react
What do “a, b, c, and d” represent in this equation: (aA + bB -><- cC + dD)?
They represent the coefficient used to balance the equation
What are the three types of Intermolecular Forces?
Dipole-Dipole Attractions, Hydrogen Bonding, London Dispersion Forces
What is the number that represents Kelvin(K)?
273K
What is the equation for Specific Heat Capacity? What’s the Equation for Specific Heat?
Grams(g) x (1 cal/g x c) x Celsius(C)
q(Heat) = m(Mass in grams) x c(specific heat) x Delta T(Change in Temperature in Celsius)
What is an Activated Complex? What are the requirements for one to occur?
An Activated Complex is a temporary and unstable arrangement of atoms ; Reactants must collide in the correct orientation and with enough energy to form an Activated Complex
How do you write the Keq equation? Where do the products and reactants go?
Keq = [C]c[D]d/[A]a[B]b ; Products on Top, Reactants on the Bottom
What is air’s average pressure?
14.7 lbs/in 2
What is the number for 1 mol of a solid/liquid?
6.02 x 1023 particles(atoms/molecules)
What is the equation for the amount of heat to melt? Heat to boil?
q = mDeltaHfusion ; q = mDeltaHvaporization
What is the rate-determining step in a Reaction Mechanism?
The slowest step within a reaction
What does Keq being greater than or less than 1 mean?
If Keq > 1: Products are favored, If Keq < 1: Reactants are favored
How does each Intermolecular Force(IMF) vary in strength?
Hydrogen Bonding is strongest followed by Dipole-Dipole attraction and London Dispersion Forces are the weakest
What is the Combined Gas Law Equation?
(P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2)
How many grams is mDeltaHfusion? mDeltaHvaporization?
100g ; 350g
What are the Catalysts, Intermediates, and Net Equation of this Mechanism? The Rate-Determining Step? (Step 1: Cl2 -> 2Cl(fast) ; Step 2: Cl +SO2 -> SO2Cl(slow) ; Step 3: SO2Cl -> SO2Cl2(fast) ; Step 4: SO2Cl2 -> SO2 + Cl2(fast))
Catalyst: Cl2 ; Intermediate(s): SO2Cl, SO2Cl2 ; Net Equation: 2Cl + SO2 -> 2Cl + SO2 ; Rate-Determining Step: Step 2
How does Adding and Removing Products and Adding and Removing Reactants apply to Le Chatelier’s Principle? (4 answers in 1)