Valence electrons
This is the number of valence electrons in a fluorine atom.
7
Opposite charges do this to each other
Attract
How to predict the products of a double replacement reaction?
Swap the cations of the 2 reactants and balance them.
The Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the behavior of this state of matter best.
Gas
This type of bond occurs when electrons are shared equally.
A nonpolar covalent bond
These elements all have 8 valence electrons, making them stable and unreactive.
Noble gases
Name two types of ions.
Cations and anions
In a double replacement reaction, this switches between two ionic compounds.
The cations or anions
According to the theory, gas particles move in this way.
Constant, random motion
What causes a molecule to be polar overall, even if it has polar bonds?
An uneven or asymmetrical shape that prevents dipoles from canceling out
These electrons are involved in forming chemical bonds between atoms.
Valence electrons
The strength of electrostatic attraction increases as this distance decreases.
The distance between charges
What must you check after writing the products of a double replacement reaction?
What type of product has formed.
Why does the kinetic energy increase as the temperature increases?
The particles move faster and cause more collisions
This determines if a bond is polar or nonpolar.
The difference in electronegativity
Why do elements in the same group have similar chemical properties?
Because they have the same number of valence electrons.
This law quantifies electrostatic forces between two charges.
Coulomb's Law
Why won’t some double replacement reactions occur?
Because all products are soluble in water, so no precipitate or reaction forms.
Gas pressure is caused by these.
Collisions of gas particles with the walls of the container
Why is water considered a polar molecule?
Because it has polar O–H bonds and a bent shape that causes an uneven distribution of charge.
The tendency of atoms to gain, lose, or share electrons to have 8 valence electrons.
The octet rule
The electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and these keeps electrons in orbitals.
Electrons
This must happen for a double replacement reaction to be considered successful.
At least one product must be a gas or a molecular compound like water.
The theory assumes this about the volume of individual gas particles.
They are negligible (zero)
This happens in a polar covalent bond due to unequal sharing of electrons.
A partial positive and partial negative charge develops on opposite ends of the bond.