History of the Atom
Who proposed atoms are indivisible solid spheres?
Dalton
Which particle has a positive charge?
Proton
Which radiation has the lowest penetration power?
Alpha
What group contains the noble gases?
Group 18
Which has more energy: radio waves or gamma rays?
Gamma rays
What type of bond forms when electrons are transferred?
Ionic
Name NaCl
Sodium chloride
What law explains why equations must be balanced?
Law of Conservation of Mass
Who discovered the electron using the cathode ray tube?
Thomson
Which particle has no charge?
Neutron
Which radiation is the most damaging due to high energy?
Gamma
Which group is the most reactive metal family?
Alkali metals
What happens to energy when frequency increases?
Energy increases
What type of bond shares electrons?
Covalent
Write the formula for magnesium bromide
MgBr₂
Balance:
__ H₂ + __ O₂ → __ H₂O
2, 1, 2
Who discovered the nucleus using the gold foil experiment?
Rutherford
Which particle determines the identity of an element?
Proton
What nuclear process powers the sun?
Fusion
Across a period, atomic radius generally does what?
Decreases
How many valence electrons does oxygen have?
6
What is the shape of CO₂?
Linear
Name CO₂
Carbon dioxide
Reaction type:
2K + Br₂ → 2KBr
Synthesis
Which model introduced energy levels?
Bohr Model
What happens when an atom gains an electron?
It becomes a negative ion (anion)
Which nuclear process splits large atoms?
Fission
Down a group, electronegativity generally does what?
Decreases
Which element has 1 valence electron?
Sodium / any alkali metal
NH₃ has what molecular geometry?
Trigonal pyramidal
Write the formula for calcium fluoride
CaF₂
Reaction type:
2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂
Decomposition
Which scientist’s work explains why we can’t know an electron’s exact position and speed?
Heisenberg
Calculate the average atomic mass:
10 amu (70%), 12 amu (30%)
10.6 amu
Which is a medical use of radiation?
Radiation therapy / X-rays / PET scans
Which element has the highest electronegativity?
Fluorine
What does the Lewis dot structure show?
Valence electrons
What force holds atoms together inside a molecule?
Intramolecular force
Name Fe₂O₃
Iron (III) oxide
Reaction type:
Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu
Single Replacement