Measurements
What is the unit and symbol for each property?
mass, volume, energy
grams, g
volume, L
energy, J
Name the following phase changes:
solid --> liquid
liquid --> solid
melting
freezing
__________ is the average kinetic energy of the particles of matter.
Temperature
Which subatomic particles are located in the nucleus
of an atom?
protons & neutrons
What does the word "indivisible" mean?
Cannot be broken down.
What is 8 x 103 in Standard Form?
8,000
Name the following phase changes:
liquid --> gas
gas --> liquid
boiling / evaporation / vaporization
condensation
As the average speed of particles increases, what happens to the temperature? (increase/decrease/constant)
Increases
State the charge of each subatomic particle: proton, electron, neutron.
proton: +
electron: -
neutron: 0
What device did J. J. Thomson use to discover the electron?
Cathode Ray Tube
Convert the following: 4.5 g = _____ mg
4500 mg
As a liquid turns into a gas, is energy absorbed or released? Is this endothermic or exothermic?
absorbed, endothermic
As the pressure of a gas increases, what happens to the volume?
decreases
What is the mass number of an atom that contains 8
protons, 8 electrons, and 7 neutrons?
What did Rutherford observe when he directed alpha particles toward the gold foil?
Most went straight through, some were deflected, a few bounced back.
Calculate the density of a substance with a mass of 12 grams and a volume of 4 cm3, with correct units.
3 g/cm3
Heat of Fusion represents _______ & ________.
Heat of Vaporization represents _______ & ________.
Heat of Fusion: Melting & Freezing
Heat of Vaporization: Boiling & Condensation
What is the standard temperature and standard pressure?
SP: 101.3 kPa or 1 atm
ST: 273 K or 0°C
What is the total number of neutrons in the nucleus of a neutral atom that has 3 protons and a mass number of 7?
4 neutrons
Describe two conclusions Rutherford made after his Gold Foil experiment.
Atom is mostly empty space
Atom has small, dense, positively charged nucleus.
Jennifer measured the density of a gold block to be 18.0 g/cm3. The accepted density of gold is 19.3 g/cm3.
Calculate the percent error, using the measured and accepted values.
6.7%
What is the total amount of heat required to completely melt 7 grams of ice at its melting point?
2338 J
A gas with a volume of 300.0 mL at STP is changed to a pressure of 1.5 atm at constant temperature. What is the new volume of the gas, in mL?
200 mL
Write an example of an electron configuration of Fluorine in the excited state.
NOT 2-7
Explain how a bright-line spectrum is produced, in terms of electrons, excited state, energy, and ground state.
—Different colors of light are produced when electrons return from higher energy states to lower energy states.
—Light energy can be emitted when electrons in excited atoms return to lower shells.