Atomic Structure and Properties
The mass in grams of one mole of a substance
What is molar mass?
Principle that main group elements will generally bond to achieve 8 valence e-
What is the octet rule?
Electron geometry with 180 degree bond angles
What is linear?
Type of intermolecular force present between polar molecules
What are dipole-dipole forces?
Substances formed in a chemical reaction
What are products?
The number of protons an element has
What is the atomic number?
Type of chemical bond where atoms share electrons through an overlap of their atomic orbitals
What is a covalent bond?
The actual distribution of e- in a molecule that has 2/more Lewis structures with the same arrangement of atoms but different distribution of e-
What is resonance?
Substance present in the greater amount in a solution
What is a solvent?
Abbreviation used when a reactant is dissolved in water
What is aq (aqueous)?
The number of protons + neutrons for an atom
What is the mass number?
Type of solid with high conductivity, shiny, malleable, ductile, variable hardness and melting temperature
What is a metallic solid?
Tendency of elements to attract e- within a chemical bond
What is electronegativity?
When the solute concentration is less than its solubility
What is unsaturated?
Type of reaction which typically produces water and a salt
What is an acid-base reaction?
The full electron configuration for Ga
What is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p1?
Tool used to predict the most reasonable Lewis structure for a molecule and consider distribution of charge
What is formal charge?
The separation of charge between atoms in a bond
What is a bond dipole?
When ions in a compound separate from each other, reducing the electrostatic forces between them
What is dissociation?
Type of reaction which usually has oxygen gas as a reactant and water vapor and carbon dioxide as products
What is a combustion reaction?
Variants of elements with different numbers of neutrons
What are isotopes?
Type of solid with variable hardness, brittleness, low melting points and conductivity (e.g. ice, sugar)
What is a molecular solid?
Electron geometry with 5 electron domains around the central atom
What is trigonal bipyramidal?
Substance that, when dissolved in a solvent, produces ions by undergoing a physical or chemical change
What is an electrolyte?
Type of reaction with the general form: AB + CD -> AD + CB
What is double replacement/displacement?