Definitions
What is an exothermic vs. an endothermic reaction?
An exothermic reaction, releases energy, often in the form of heat. An endothermic reaction absorbs energy, often lowering temperature.
proton +, neutron (neutral), electron -
What is the equation for density?
Density=mass/volume
Is water polar?
yes
State the metric ratio including kg and g.
1kg/1000g
What is electronegativity?
It is the relative attraction of atoms.
Can electrons be lost, gained, or both?
Both!
What is matter?
anything composed of atoms or parts of atoms
Which evaporates faster, water or isopropyl alcohol?
isopropyl alcohol
Write 895,000,000,000,000mL in scientific notation.
8.95X1014mL
What is an isothermic reaction?
A reaction that absorbs exactly the same amount of energy that it releases.
What is the outermost shell of electrons called?
The valence shell.
What is the difference between accuracy and precision?
accuracy measures near the true value. precision is consistent results
Describe (or draw) the shape of a water molecule. Include element names and charges.
One oxygen (neg) with two hydrogens (pos) attached.
Convert 655 km to mm
6.55X108mm or 655,000,000mm
What is an atom?
The smallest unit of matter.
Is an ion a part of an atom? Explain.
No. An ion is an atom that has gained or lost an electron.
What is the SI system, and what are its benefits?
It is a system of measurement standards, "the international system of units." It has seven base units meter, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, mole, and candela.
It uses base 10 units, so conversions are simpler, it's used worldwide.
Why are water molecules polar?
Electron sharing between H and O isn’t equal. The shape of the molecule. The difference in electronegativity between the atoms.
Convert 10,279 L3 to mL3
10,279,000,000 mL3 or 1.0279X1010 mL3
What is a diatomic molecule?
a compound made of 2 atoms
What are intermolecular forces and how do they relate to atoms?
They are forces of electrical attraction and repulsion between molecules. These exist because different parts of the atom have different electrical charges.
What is a derived unit?
A combination of base units. i.e. Newton is a derived unit equivalent to kg*m/s2
What are some ways we can see the effects of water's polarity.
Slower evaporation rate than less polar solutions. Water forms beads because the molecules are attracted to each other.
Convert 67.31 L/s to mL/min
4.0386X106mL/min or 4,038,600mL/min