Atoms
These particles are negatively charged and found moving outside the nucleus.
What are electrons?
These are the three types of bonds we've discussed.
You must get all three for credit!
What are ionic, covalent, and hydrogen?
Which of the three kinds of bonds we've discussed occurs between molecules (as opposed to within)?
What is hydrogen bonding?
This is the element essential for organic compounds.
What is carbon?
Carbon has this many protons.
What is 6?
What is 7?
Ionic bonds form between these two kinds of atoms.
What are metals and nonmetals?
also acceptable: cations and anions
This is the function of ATP.
What is fuel for cells?
These elements comprise glucose.
What are carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen?
These elements are in proteins.
What are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur?
Atoms that are negatively charged are called this.
What are anions?
Covalent bonds are formed when electrons are shared between these two kinds of atoms.
What are nonmetals?
ATP is (high/low) energy, and ADP is (high/low) energy.
high; low
Name one function of carbohydrates.
-most readily available source of energy
-serve as cell markers
-form components of other molecules, such as nucleic acid
Name a function of proteins.
-serve as catalysts in chemical reactions
-allow muscles to contract
-transport oxygen in blood
-helps immune system in defenses
-gives structure to cells and tissues
Electrons located in the outer energy shell are described with this term.
What is valence?
This is the strongest kind of bond.
What is covalent?
The smallest carbohydrates are called these.
What are monosaccharides?
Name two forms of lipids.
Fats, phospholipids, steroids, prostaglandins
There are this many different amino acids.
What is 20?
Full outer shells have this many electrons and has this special name.
You must get both for any credit!
What are 8 and octet?
Hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds are an example of this kind of force.
What is electrostatic?
Energy is _____ to make chemical bonds and _____ when chemical bonds are broken.
required; released
This is the basic building block of proteins.
What is an amino acid?
Also acceptable: peptide
These are the three parts of nucleotides.
Nitrogen base, pentose, phosphate group