States & State Changes
Intermolecular Forces
Energy of State Changes
Phase Equilibrium
Characteristics of Gases
100
Surface tension
What is the tendency of liquids to decrease their surface area to the smallest size possible?
100
Oppositely charged ions
What kinds of ions attract each other?
100
Enthalpy
What is the total energy of a system?
100
Phase
What is a part of matter that is uniform?
100
Low density, highly compressible, and can completely fill a container
What are some properties of gases?
200
Sublimation
What is the process of a solid turning into a gas?
200
Dipole-dipole forces
What are interactions between polar molecules?
200
Change in Hfus = H(liquid at melting point) – H(solid at melting point)
What is the molar enthalpy of fusion?
200
Vapor pressure
What is the partial pressure exerted by a vapor?
200
Fluid
What is a gas considered?
300
Boiling Point
When are the temperatures and pressures at which a lquid and gas are in equilibrium?
300
Atoms of differing electronegativity
Why are bonds polar?
300
How to calculate Tbp
What is change in Hvap/change in Svap?
300
In equilibrium with its liquid state at a give temperature
What is vapor pressure in equilibrium with?
300
Collision of gas molecules
What causes air pressure?
400
Same for pure substances
What are the melting points and freezing points for pure substances?
400
Strength of London dispersion forces between nonpolar particles increase
What happens when the molar mass of the particles increases?
400
Pressure has a large effect on the entropy of gas
Why are boiling points are pressure dependent
400
: Critical point
What is the point the temperature and pressure at the gas and liquid states become identical and one phase?
400
Far apart relative to their size
What are particles of a gas?
500
Energy required for sublimation
What is the energy released in deposition equal to?
500
Partially positive hydrogen atom
What is attracted to the unshared pairs of electrons of neighboring molecules?
500
Entropy of vaporization
What is larger than its entropy of fusion?
500
Doesn’t need to be pure substances
What do phases not need?
500
Collisions of the molecules against the walls of a container
What is the result of pressure exerted by gas?
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