chemical bonding 1
what is a chemical bond?
an attraction between two or more atoms that from an atom
what are the main types of chemical bonds?
ionic covalent and metallic bonds
where is the f block located in the periodic table???
in the middle
what is earth's solid surface called ?
the crust
what is matter???
anything that takes up space and has mass
how do ionic bonds form??
by the transfer of one or more electrons between atoms
how do covalent bonds form??
when electrons are shared between atoms and are attracted by the nucluei of both atoms.
how many electrons maximum can each orbital hold??
2
what part is the crust part of??
the lithosphere
what is density??
the amount of mass per volume of a substance
how do ionic bonds from between metals and nonmetals????
when atoms of a metallic element give up electrons to atoms of a nonmetallic element.
how do metallic bonds differ from ionic and covalent bonds??
Metallic bonds are created when metal atoms lose their outermost electron to form positively charged ions.
which orbital is in the shape of a sphere
s p d or f??
s
what is the difference between convergent and divergent????
convergent plates move into each other and divergent plates move apart
why is plasma the 4th state of matter??
because it is different from the gas state
what is the role of electron sharing in covalent bonding??
forming a full electron shell.
why do atoms form chemical bonds??
atoms are trying to reach the most stable (lowest-energy) state that they can
How many electrons does niobium have??
39,40,41,92, or 93??
41
what is the difference between oceanic and continental crust?
ocenainc is colder younger and dense
continental is silicon filled, older lite and fluffy
what is the difference between endothermic and exothermic??
exothermic releases heat causing a warmer temperature and endothermic absorbs heat and cools the surroundings
why do atoms form covalent bonds??
in order to gain more stability
what is a metallic bond?
the way that metal atoms are kept together within a metal material.
what is the aufbau principle???
the electrons fill lower energy atomic orbitals before filling higher energy ones.
what are the 5 plate boundaries??
continental-continental
oceanic-continental
oceanic-oceanic
divergent
transfrom
where is the decimal point in the starting measurement??
it is visible in the starting measuremnt