Periodic Table
What does the atomic number tell you?
The number of protons in the nucleus.
Are periods horizontal or vertical?
Horizontal.
Name the three main subatomic particles.
Protons, neutrons, electrons.
What is wavelength?
The distance between corresponding points of consecutive waves, such as crest to crest.
What is a photon?
A packet (quantum) of electromagnetic energy.
What is the chemical symbol for gold?
Au.
Are groups horizontal or vertical?
Vertical.
Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?
Electron.
What is frequency?
The number of complete wave cycles passing a point per second.
Which photon has more energy: red or violet?
Violet.
Which element has atomic number 8?
Oxygen (O).
What do elements in the same group often have in common?
Similar chemical properties/behavior.
Where are protons and neutrons found?
In the nucleus.
If wavelength increases, what happens to frequency for electromagnetic radiation?
Frequency decreases.
Higher frequency means ______ photon energy.
Higher.
Name an element in the same group as sodium.
lithium or potassium
Which group contains the alkali metals?
Group 1.
What did Rutherford's gold-foil experiment show?
Atoms are mostly empty space with a small, dense, positively charged
nucleus
Put these in increasing frequency: X-rays, radio waves, visible light.
Radio waves -> visible light -> X-rays.
Which carries more energy per photon: visible light or X-rays?
X-rays.
Choose two elements that should have similar chemical behavior and explain why.
they should be in the same group because elements in a group have similar valence-electron patterns and often similar chemical behavior.
Would potassium behave more like sodium or calcium?
Explain.
Sodium, because potassium and sodium are both in Group 1.
Why don't electrons simply fall into the nucleus?
Electrons occupy allowed quantum states/energy levels; they are not tiny planets orbiting classically
If wavelength gets shorter, what happens to frequency AND photon energy?
Frequency increases and photon energy increases.
Explain in your own words: 'Higher frequency = higher photon energy.'
As the frequency of electromagnetic radiation increases, each photon carries more energy.