Behavior of Gases
The formula for Charles Law
V1/T1=V2/T2
Define matter
Any substance that has mass and takes up space
These structures show the number of valence electrons an element has
Lewis Dot Structures
Define electronegativity
An atom's ability to more strongly attract valence electrons of an atom nearby
Define periodicity
Properties/characteristics that occur at a predictable rate
The continuous physical force exerted on/against an object by gas in contact with it
Pressure
Describe the law of conservation of matter
The number of particles in matter cannot change
This rule states that atoms will want to have 8 electrons in their outer shell
Octet Rule
A particle of light that is emitted as visible light
Photon
The meaning of the group numbers on the periodic table
The number of valence electrons for the elements within the group
The 4 variables that affect the behavior of a gas
Temperature, volume, pressure, and mass
The density of a substance changes if the substance changes its state of matter
True
In a classical model, an electron can return to its original state
False
The 3 reactions a substance has at an atomic level after being heated
Absorption, Excitation, and Emission
The reaction that occurs when atomic radius increases
The attraction force of electrons to the nucleus decreases
The relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas
Increasing the volume decreases the pressure and vice versa
The molecular organization of the 3 states of matter
Solids are tightly packed, liquids are slightly looser, and gases are very loose
Main differences between the classical model and the quantum model
The classical model shows that when heat increases the electron orbits away from the nucleus but the quantum model doesn't and stays in the same place
The relationship between the energy level of an electron and its probable distance from the nucleus
The lower the energy level the easier it is to get a more accurate distance from the nucleus
Increases going from left to right in a period and decreases going down in a group
Property of ionization energy
The rationale behind the imploding tanker
Cold gas was inserted into the tanker which caused a decrease in pressure, causing the tanker to implode
2 different liquids of 2 different densities are placed in the same container, the liquids would be...
stacked with the nonpolar liquid on top and the polar liquid on the bottom
The key component J.J. Thompson's atomic model lacked
There was no energy concentrated in the center and there were no orbitals
The 2 main findings from Ernest Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment
Electrons cannot just pass through or bounce off of the orbital or other electrons 100% of the time and the nucleus is the main place for protons and neutrons
The periodic trend for electronegativity
Low ionization energy means a larger atomic radius and a weaker attraction force that results in the element having a lower electronegativity value