Bonding Types
This type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
What is a covalent bond?
This simple molecule's Lewis structure includes a single line connecting two hydrogen atoms.
What is H₂?
Arrangement of atoms along a straight line.
What is linear?
fluorine (F2), chlorine (Cl2)
What are London dispersion forces examples?
An acid and a base react to form water and a salt.
What is a neutralization reaction?
A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.
What is a hydrogen bond?
The Lewis structure for this molecule includes two oxygen atoms joined by a double bond.
What is O₂?
Methane adopts this molecular geometry.
Tetrahedral
Form of intermolecular force that occurs when a polar molecule interacts with a non-polar molecule.
What are dipole-dipole forces?
a. Formation of binary compound: A + B AB
b. Metal oxide and water: MO + H2O base
c. Nonmetal oxide and water: (NM)O + H2O acid
synthesis reaction
This type of bonding occurs when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
What is ionic bonding?
This molecule's Lewis structure includes a triple bond between two nitrogen atoms.
What is N₂?
Molecules with one central atom surrounded by three bonded atoms and one lone pair.
What is trigonal pyramidal?
ammonia
What is a hydrogen bonding example?
a. Binary compounds: AB A + B
b. Metallic carbonates: MCO3 MO + CO2
c. Metallic hydrogen carbonates: MHCO3 MCO3 (s) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
d. Metallic hydroxides: MOH MO + H2O
e. Metallic chlorates: MClO3 MCl + O2
f. Oxyacids decompose to nonmetal oxides and water: acid (NM)O + H2O
Decomposition reaction
This type of bonding involves positively charged metal ions surrounded by a sea of freely moving electrons.
What is metallic bonding?
A water molecule has this many lone pairs of electrons.
What are two pairs?
A central atom with three bonded atoms and no lone pair.
What is trigonal planar?
magnesium and sodium
What are metallic bonds examples?
a. Metal-Metal replacement: A + BC AC + B
b. Active metal replaces H from water: M + H2O MOH + H2
c. Active metal replaces H from acid: M + HX MX + H2
d. Halide-Halide replacement: D + BC BD + C
Single replacement
This type of covalent bond occurs when there is unequal sharing of electrons between atoms.
What is a polar covalent bond?
The Lewis structure has four single bonds and four lone pairs around the central atom.
What is methane?
A central atom is surrounded by two bonded atoms and two lone pairs, resulting in a bent shape.
What is bent?
Water
hydrogen bonding
Hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
Combustion reaction