MOUTH TO INTESTINE
What are lipids or fats broken down into during digestion?
Fatty Acids and Glycerol
What enzyme in saliva starts breaking down starch?
Amylase
Which macronutrient gives quick energy?
Carbohydrates
How long is the small intestine in meters?
Around 7 meters
True or False: Digestion only happens in the stomach.
FALSE (It starts in the mouth and continues to the intestines.)
When proteins are digested, what are they turned into?
Amino Acids
What enzyme in the stomach breakdown proteins?
Pepsin
What nutrient repairs body tissues?
Proteins
What organ produces bile?
Bile!
True or False: Enzymes speed up digestion.
TRUE (They act as biological catalysts.)
Carbohydrates are broken down into what simple molecule used for quick energy?
Glucose
What enzyme breaks fats into fatty acids and glycerol?
Lipase
A type of lipid that stores energy and protects organs?
FATS
What acid does the stomach produce to help digest food?
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (This acid helps break down food, activates the enzyme pepsin, and kills harmful bacteria in the stomach.)
True or False: The pancreas stores bile.
FALSE (The gallbladder stores bile, not the pancreas.)
Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are digested into what smaller units?
Nucleotides
What enzyme in the small intestine breakdown sucrose?
Sucrase
Which nutrient helps build cell membranes and hormones?
LIPIDS
How much saliva does the average person produce per day?
About 1 to 1.5 liters
True or False: The large intestine mainly absorbs nutrients.
False (It mainly absorbs water, not nutrients.)
What general type of chemical reaction breaks macromolecules into smaller molecules during digestion?
Hydrolysis
Which three main enzymes are produced by the pancreas and what do they act on?
Amylase (carbs), Lipase (fats), Trypsin (proteins)
What process joins amino acids together to form proteins?
Dehydration synthesis (or condensation reaction)
What enzyme breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol?
Lipase
True or False: Stomach acid alone can digest food completely.
FALSE (Enzymes and bile are also needed for full digestion.)