Matter
How many primary states of matter are there?
Three
What percent of a human is water?
72%
What is matter?
Anything that occupies space and has mass
What is the study of the structure and function of biomolecules, as well as their role in biological processes at he molecular, cellular, and organismal levels?
Chemistry of Life
The charge of protons
Positive
What is the study of matter and how it changes?
Chemistry
The charge of electrons
Negative
What help enzymes efficiently catalyze reactions?
Coenzymes
What helps transport vital nutrients to all of our cells, and causes blood to become thicker when there is not enough of this?
Water
The charge of neutrons
Neutral
What is the smallest unit of matter that retains all of an element’s chemical properties
Atom
What holds an atom together?
The attraction of protons and electrons (Electromagnetic force)
What are the basic units of life?
Cells
What two things must be consumed by living organisms in order for them to be broken down for energy and used as building blocks for the components of life?
Organic and inorganic compounds
What is a polymer?
Several monomers bonded together
What is formed when electrons from both participating atoms are shared equally?
Covalent Bond
What four elements account for approximately 96% of the human body?
Carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N)
What is a chemical bond that is formed between two atoms by donating or accepting one or more electrons from one atom to the other?
Ionic Bond
What are compounds that a living organism cannot synthesize from other molecules and must obtain from its surroundings?
Essential compounds
What are the pair of electrons involved in covalent bonds called?
Shared pair or bonding pair
What are the two regions within an atom?
What are the levels of organization in living things?
atom→molecule→cell→tissue→organ→system→organism→ecosystem
What cannot be broken down into other substances via ordinary chemical reactions.
Elements
What are the four building blocks of life?
Nucleic acid, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates
How do atom achieve stability when the outer shell is not filled?
They share electrons