Chemistry of Life 1
Organic compound that include RNA and DNA
Nucleic Acids
the two secondary protein shapes
alpha helix and beta pleated sheet
type of fatty acid that is solid at room temperature
saturated fatty acid
organic polymer made up of amino acids
proteins
organic compounds that include steroids
lipids
fatty acid containing carbon atoms not bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible & are usually liquids at room temperature
unsaturated
term used to describe the orientation between strands of DNA in the double helix
antiparallel
Term that describes why water has a difference in charge between different parts of the molecule
polar
reaction that breaks down polymers into smaller units
hydrolysis
chemical reaction that builds macromolecules from monomers
dehydration synthesis
term used to describe non-polar molecules that avoid water
hydrophobic
term describing the loss of 3D shape of proteins due to acidity or heat
denaturation
covalent bond between monomers of proteins
peptide bond
organic compounds that include disaccarides and store energy
carbohydrates
property of water that allows water to climb up plant stems and the sides of glassware
adhesion
2 functional groups found in all proteins
carboxyl group and amino group
the sulfhydryl functional group
S-H
protiens that speed up chemical reactions
enzymes
output of a hydrolysis reaction on a disaccharide
2 monosaccharide molecules
The components of nucleic acids
Phosphate group, pentose sugar and nitrogenous base
macromolecule that can contain sulfur
protein
Covalent bonds formed between nucleotides in DNA and RNA
phosphodiester bonds
type of bond that allows waterbugs to walk on water
hydrogen bonds
covalent chemical bond that links monosaccharides
glycosidic bond
monomer of lipds
triglyceride OR 3 fatty acids + glycerol