Atomic Structure
What is an atom
Smallest unit of matter
What is the name of the outer most electrons?
What type of bonds form between water molecules?
Hydrogen bonds
Possible hydrogen
Draw a water molecule and include charges
O-
+H H+
What are the three subatomic particles?
-Protons
-Neutrons
-Electrons
How do you know if an atom is stable or unstable?
If the outermost shell is full or not
What is a covalent bond
Bonds between atoms that share electrons
Give two characteristics of acids
Litmus paper is red
High concentration of hydrogen ions
When water sticks to itself.
Addign drops on the penny etc.
What are the location and charges of the three subatomic particles?
Protons (nucleus +)
Neutrons (nucleus 0)
Electrons (outside the nucleus -)
How many valence electrons does Tin have?
4 valence electrons
What is an ionic bond?
A bond that forms between atoms that donate electrons
Give at least three characteristics of bases and give at least one example
-7-14 range
Litmus paper turns blue
Feels slippery
Higher concentration of hydroxide ions
What is adhesion and give an example
When water sticks to other things.
Water on a stem of a plant or grass
What two subatomic parts are equal to the atomic number?
How do you calulate the number of neutrons of an atom?
Electrons and Protons
Atomic mass - Atomic number = neutrons
Draw a Lewis dot structure of Aluminum
-
- Al -
Why do compounds form?
Atoms want to be stable
What type of ions are mostly in acids? Bases?
Acids -- hydrogen ions
Bases -- hydroxide ions
What does it mean that water is a universal solvent?
Explain the difference between a hydrophilic substance and hydrophoc substance
Hydrophobic: water fearing
Hydrophilic: water loving
What are the amount of each of the subatomic particles for Krypton
P=36
N= 48
E=36
Draw a Bohr Model of Argon
Ar
18 P
22 N
18 E
Difference between a compound and a molecule?
Compound: Made out of atoms of different elements
Molecule: 2 or more of the same atoms join together
Draw and label a pH scale.
Including pH range, acids, bases, neutral and direction of strength
0-14
0-6.99 (Acids) <-- Stronger
7.1-14 (Bases) --> Stronger
7 (Neutral)
What is polarity and how does it explain all of water's special properties?
The unequal sharing of electrons. The charges attract one another creating hydrogen bonds