Due to the polarity of the water molecule, it can form special bonds that give it so many special properties important to life. The special bond is
What is a hydrogen bond.
100
The term that describes molecules that 'fear' water (non-polar). Fats are an example of this property of not being able to hydrogen bond.
What is hydrophobic
100
the blood sugar that is the fuel of life for the entire planet.
What is glucose.
100
Building block of DNA?
What is nucleotide.
100
what is the building block of proteins? There are 20 of them.
What is amino acid.
200
Water molecules sticking to one another by hydrogen bonding is known as
What is cohesion
200
Fats are composed of what 2 parts?
What is glycerol and fatty acids
200
The term used to describe a single sugar.
What is monosaccharide.
200
The 4 bases that carry the genetic code.
What are A, G, C, T
200
special proteins that speed up chemical reactions or act as catalysts.
What are enzymes.
300
Water molecules hydrogen bonding to other polar molecules is called
What is adhesion.
300
Give one function that fats serve in living organisms.
What is insulate, cushion, energy, energy storage, cell communication...
300
A polysaccharide that is indigestible in animals, known as fiber, and found in cell walls of plants.
What is cellulose.
300
What is the sugar in RNA called? (the R)
What is Ribose.
300
The term that describes the effect of low pH, or high temperatures that can change or alter protein/enzyme shape and in turn lose their function.
What is denature.
400
Due to hydrogen bonding and polarity water has a high heat of vaporization. 3/4 of the earth is covered in water, one important effect of this that it helps moderate what on the planet?
What is temperature.
400
The cell membrane is mostly comprised of this special type of lipid that forms a bilayer round the cell.
What is a phospholipid.
400
What 3 elements are found in all sugars, in the ratio XnX2nXn?
What is C, H, O
400
Name one difference between the structure of DNA and RNA.
What is double versus single stranded, deoxyribose versus ribose, T instead of U
400
A change in the DNA code that can lead to a change in the protein shape or trait.
What is a mutation
500
Water is more dense at 4 degrees C than its freezing point due to hydrogen bonding. Because of this ice can do what?
What is float
500
A lipid that has double bonds in its fatty acid tail which increases fluidity in the cell membrane is called what kind of fat?
What is unsaturated
500
What is the reaction called whereby to monosaccharide's can be put together to form a disaccharide by removing a water molecule?
What is dehydration synthesis.
500
What is the molecule transcribed from DNA that carries the code to the ribosome and tRNA molecule out in the cytoplasm.
What is mRNA
500
Enzymes are specific to their substrate. For example, the enzyme the enzyme Lactase only catalyzes the reaction of the breakdown of this substrate (think milk sugar).