C1 - Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
What is the name of the central part of an atom?
What type of bonding happens between metals and non-metals?
Ionic Bonding.
How do you calculate the relative formula mass of a substance (Mr)?
Add up all the relative atomic masses of all the atoms in the formula.
What pH number is neutral?
7
What is an exothermic reaction?
What is the charge of an electron?
What is a property of substances with giant ionic structures?
High melting/Boiling points.
What is the Mr of H2O?
H = 1
O = 16
(2x1) + 16 = 18
What type of ion do acids produce in water?
H+
Hydrogen ions
Name an example of an exothermic reaction.
Combustion (burning), neutralisation, self heating cans, hand warmers
How many protons does an atom of oxygen have? (Atomic number = 8)
8
Why can graphite conduct electricity?
Because it has free (delocalised) electrons.
How many atoms are in one molecule of CO2?
3 (1 oxygen and 2 hydrogen)
How can you tell if a reaction is endothermic?
Why do atoms have no overall charge?
Why do molecules like water have low boiling points?
There are weak forces between the molecules.
What is the relative formula mass of potassium sulfate, K2SO4?
Relative atomic masses (Ar): potassium = 39, sulfur = 32, oxygen = 16
174
What happens when magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid?
Hydrochloric acid + Magnesium --> Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen
What is the difference between exothermic and endothermic reactions.
Exothermic - gives out energy
Endothermic - takes in energy
What do the groups of the periodic table tell us?
Groups = how many electrons are in the outer shell.
Diamond is very hard, Graphite is soft and slippery.
Name two pieces of apparatus suitable for measuring volumes of liquids or solutions.
Why are some metals more reactive than others?
They lose electrons more easily.
Why is energy needed to break bonds in a reaction?