State Your Matter
It flows, takes the shape of its container, and refuses to be compressed.
What is a liquid.
This kind of solution still has room for more solute to dissolve.
What is an unsaturated solution
1 mole of anything contains this many particles.
What is Avogadro's number
6.022×1023
This common ion is released by acids in water according to Arrhenius.
What is H⁺
As the temperature rises, Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) accounts for how these particles collide elastically, experiencing an increase in kinetic energy.
What are gas particles
A 12 M solution of HCl is diluted to 1 M. You’d use this formula to figure out how much to pour.
What is the dilution equation
M1V1=M2V2
To convert 4.90 g of H₂SO₄ into molecules, you'd need this before using Avogadro’s number.
What is the molar mass
Ammonia (NH3)becomes this ion after accepting a proton.
What is ammonium NH4+
The Kelvin scale was built around this frosty idea, where particle motion freezes to a standstill.
What is absolute zero (i.e., 0 Kelvin)
The solubility of a salt goes up when the temperature increases—just ask this common lab tool (also the title of a graph).
What is a solubility curve
This value/metric shows how efficient or successful a chemical reaction or process is
What is percent yield
If the pH changes from 3 to 2, this happens to the hydronium concentration and by this amount.
What is it increases by a factor of 10
This gas law says, "When pressure goes up, volume goes down—as long as temperature behaves."
What is Boyle’s Law
P_1 V_1 = P_2 V_2
This physical action speeds up how quickly a solute dissolves without affecting how much can dissolve
What is stirring (or agitation)
The quantitative (molar) relationship between two substances in a chemical reaction. Usually expressed as fraction made from their coefficients
What is the mole ratio
This term describes a substance that prevents sudden pH swings (hint: think weak acid, strong base titrations...)
What is a buffer
This law is the go-to for solving gas problems when pressure, volume, moles, and temperature all come into play.
What is the Ideal Gas Law
The point at which a solute no longer dissolves in a solvent and starts to settle out.
What is saturation
What is 102 g/mol
Mix a strong acid and a strong base, and you’ll get these two things.
What is water and salt