Formula Fundamentals
This is the correct chemical formula for the compound formed between sodium and chlorine.
What is NaCl?
According to Le Chatelier's principle, if you increase the concentration of a reactant, the equilibrium will shift in this direction.
What is to the right? (Or toward the products/forward direction).
This value, found on the periodic table for each element, represents the mass of one mole of that element in grams.
What is the gram-atomic mass? (Or molar mass / atomic mass).
This classic six-letter mnemonic device helps chemistry students remember that losing electrons is oxidation and gaining electrons is reduction.
What is LEO the lion says GER?
An Arrhenius acid is defined as a substance that dissolves in water to produce these ions as the only positive ions in solution.
What are hydrogen ions? (Or hydronium ions (H+ / H3O+).
When magnesium (Mg2+) bonds with fluorine (F-), this is the total number of fluorine atoms needed to create a neutral compound.
What is 2? (Formula: MgF2)
For a system at equilibrium, an increase in temperature will always favor this type of reaction, which absorbs heat.
What is endothermic?
The gram-formula mass of water (H2O) is approximately this many grams per mole.
What is 18 grams/mol? (1.0g x 2 + 16.0g).
In any electrochemical cell, whether voltaic or electrolytic, oxidation always takes place at this specific electrode.
What is the anode? ("An Ox").
When an acid and a base react in a neutralization reaction, the two products formed are water and this other ionic compound.
What is a salt?
Table E on your Reference Tables will help you find the name of CaSO4, which is known by this chemical name.
What is calcium sulfate?
Given the reaction: N2(g) + 3H2(g) <--> 2NH3(g), an increase in pressure will cause a shift to the right because that side has fewer moles of this phase of matter.
What is gas? (4 moles of gas on the left vs. 2 moles on the right).
This is the total number of moles present in a 44-gram sample of carbon dioxide (CO2).
What is 1 mole? (Gram-formula mass of CO2 is 44 g/mol).
According to Reference Table J, this metal is more active than copper but less active than zinc, meaning it can spontaneously replace copper ions in a solution.
What is Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), or Tin (Sn)? (Any metal between Zn and Cu on Table J is acceptable).
If a solution's pH decreases from 5 to 3, the hydronium ion concentration increases by this factor.
What is 100 times?
This Roman numeral must be included in the IUPAC name for FeCl3 to indicate the oxidation state of the iron triad element.
What is III? (Iron(III) chloride)
Unlike changing concentration or temperature, adding one of these substances to a system at equilibrium increases the rate of both the forward and reverse reactions equally, causing no shift.
What is a catalyst?
What is the percent composition by mass of sulfur in SO2? (Round to the nearest whole percentage).
What is 50%? (Mass of S = 32g, total mass = 64g; 32/64 x 100 = 50%).
This component of a voltaic cell permits the migration of ions between the two half-cells to maintain electrical neutrality.
What is a salt bridge?
According to Table M, this acid-base indicator will turn yellow in a solution with a pH of 3.0, but will turn blue in a solution with a pH of 5.0.
What is bromcresol green? (Transition interval is 3.8–5.4).
This is the empirical formula for aluminum carbonate, formed from Al3+ and the polyatomic ion CO32-.
What is Al2(CO3)3?
Given the exothermic reaction A(g) + B(g) <--> C(g) + heat, this specific change (either temperature or pressure) would simultaneously shift the equilibrium to the right and increase the rate of the reaction.
What is increasing the pressure? (Note: Increasing temp increases rate but shifts left; decreasing temp shifts right but slows rate. Increasing pressure increases rate and shifts to the side with fewer gas moles).
Given the balanced equation 2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O, this is the total number of moles of O2 required to completely react with 6 moles of H2.
What is 3 moles? (A 2:1 ratio).
Unlike a voltaic cell which produces electrical energy from a spontaneous reaction, an electrolytic cell requires this external component to force a non-spontaneous reaction to occur.
What is a power source? (Or battery/electrical current).
In a titration, 20.0 mL of 1.0 M HCl exactly neutralizes this many milliliters of a 2.0 M NaOH solution.
What is 10.0 mL?