Periodic Table
The periodic table is a structured arrangement of elements that help us explain and predict _________ and ____________ properties.
Physical and Chemical
What group form compounds that are mostly white solids when they react that are very soluble in water
Group 1: Alkali Metals
_________ are elements with properties of BOTH metals and nonmetals
Metalloids
If the number of protons and electrons are equal the atom is considered ____________.
Neutral
Ion - an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge due to an __________ number of electrons and protons
uneven
Elements in the same group/family have the same number of ___________________.
valence electrons
What group is Non-metallic and poisonous?
Group 17: Halogens (e.g., Fluorine)
What does anatomic notation represent?
subatomic particles
Protons = Electrons
What is a Cation?
positively charged ion
Each period (horizontal rows) represent the _________________ or ________________.
Electron Shells or Orbits
What group is VERY reactive and do not form compounds?
Noble Gases
What is an Isotope?
atoms with the same number of protons, but differing number of neutrons – therefore a different mass!!
Number of neutrons = ___________ -_____________
atomic mass - atomic number
What happens to the name when it is a positive ion?
element name doesn't change (e.g., sodium ion)
What are the three types of elements found on the periodic table?
Metals, Non-Metals, Metalloids
What group form compounds that are insoluble in water?
Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals (e.g., Beryllium)
According to the standard Bohr-Rutherford model, what is the maximum number of electrons that can fit into the first (innermost) electron shell?
2
Where are protons and neutrons primarily located within an atom?
Central Nucleus
What happens to the name when it is a negative ion?
element name takes on -ide (e.g., fluoride ion)
Name 6 pieces of information we can get from the periodic table (double the points if you can get all 11).
(1) The atomic name (2) Atomic number (3) Atomic mass (4) Number of proton, neutrons and electrons in an atom (5) What family group an element belongs to (6) The period an atom belongs to (7) The number of electrons in an atom's outer shell (8) The number of electron holding shells an atom has (9) What type of element: metal, non-metal, metalloid (10) State of the element: solid, liquid, or gas (11) Various physical properties
What change occurs when a new substance is created?
Chemical Change
What is the correct Bohr-Rutherford electron arrangement for a neutral atom of Sulfur (atomic number 16)?
2, 8, 6
An atom of Fluorine has an atomic number of 9 and a mass number of 19. How many neutrons does this atom contain?
10 (19 - 9 = 10) mass number - atomic number = number of neutrons
Explain the octet rule