Matter
What is matter?
Anything that has mass, volume, and is made of atoms.
What are the columns and rows called on the periodic table?
Rows: periods
Columns: groups/families
What is a physical change?
A change that does not create a new substance.
Give an example of a decomposition reaction.
2H2O2 --> 2H2O + O2
What is the range of a PH scale? What is acidic, basic, and neutral?
If something is not matter, then it is...
Energy (ie. heat, waves)
What are the parts of an atom? What are their charges?
Proton: positive
Neutron: neutral
Electron: negative
What are the differences between chemical and physical changes?
Physical changes do not alter the chemical composition of a substance and they are reversible.
What is the law of conservation of mass?
That matter is neither created nor destroyed in ordinary physical and chemical changes.
Road de-icer, chalk, etc.
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
What groups on the periodic table will gain electrons?
In ionic bonds, groups 5, 6, & 7 will gain.
What are examples of a chemical change?
How many atoms of Hydrogen are in this formula?
3Na2OH4
12
Tastes sour, conducts electricity, and corrosive.
What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass does not change depending on location but weight is influenced by gravity.
What is the lewis dot structure of Nitrogen?
. .
. N .
.
What is evidence that a chemical reaction has occurred?
Bubbling/fizzing, odor change, color change, and precipitate forms.
Why do we balance equations?
To illustrate the law of conservation of mass.
What is a neutralization reaction and what is created?
Acid + base --> water + salt
All matter is comprised of what?
Atoms
What do columns on the periodic table have in common?
They have the same number of valance electrons and have similar properties.
Give the definitions and examples of exothermic and endothermic reactions.
Endothermic: chemical reaction that requires an input of energy (baking a cake)
Exothermic: chemical reaction in which energy is released (fireworks)
Balance this equation:
KNO3 + H2CO3 --> K2CO3 + HNO3
2KNO3 + H2CO3 --> K2CO3 + 2HNO3
What are the three ways to test PH and what are the effects?
Litmus paper: acid turns it red and bases turn it blue
Cabbage juice: turns yellow, green, and blue
Phenolphthalein: turns pink