Unit 1: Atomic Structure
How many protons does potassium (K) have?
19
When making soap, if NaOH (lye) gets on your skin, what should you apply to help?
Vinegar
What is the general name of a chemical substance that donates H+ ions?
Acid
This type of chemical reaction involves the loss of electrons
Oxidation
This type of activity/sport incorporates gas laws
Scuba diving
How many electrons does Cl- have?
18
Why doesn't water and oil mix?
Water is polar, oil is nonpolar
What is the name of the process for the following:
Acid + Base ---> salt + water
Neutralization
What is the name of the city where, in 2014, lead leached into the water supply?
Flint
Name of the theory that explains the behavior of ideal gases
Kinetic molecular theory
What is an isotope?
Same element with same number of protons, different number of neutrons
Ionic = metal & nonmetal, transfers electrons
Covalent = nonmetals only, shares electrons
How much more H+ ions does a solution with pH of 6 have over a solution with pH of 8?
100 times
Where does reduction occur in an electrochemical cell?
Cathode
Name of the gas law that states that as temperature increases, volume increases
Charles's law
What is the octet rule?
Metals losing electrons while nonmetals gain electrons to achieve 8 valence electrons, making the outermost shell stable
What's the chemical formula for copper (II) nitride?
Cu3N2
What's the name of the most common indicator used in titrations?
Phenolphthalein
This type of electrochemical cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
Galvanic or voltaic
What two conditions do ideal gases prefer?
What is freezing point depression?
When a solute like salt is added, it lowers the freezing point of the liquid
For the Lewis dot structure for O2, what type of bond is between the two oxygen atoms?
A double covalent bond
In titration, what's the difference between endpoint and equivalence point?
Endpoint = when the reaction stops (you can observe this physically).
Equivalence point = theoretical point when the amount of titrant added is just enough to completely neutralize the analyte solution.
What is the general name for substances that undergo reduction?
Oxidizing agent
What is the value of the R constant in the ideal gas law equation that we've been using in class?
0.0821 L * atm mol-1 * K-1