Monday Monday
What rule states that atoms want 8 valence electrons?
octet rule
What are the 7 elements that exist as diatomic molecules?
I Bring Clay For Our New House
Iodine
Bromine
Chlorine
Fluorine
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Which two elements will form a polar covalent bond?
Iodine and iodine
Carbon and Oxygen
Carbon and Oxygen (EN = 0.89)
The total charge of a compound, formed by the combination of positive and negative ions, must equal zero. This ensures that the compound is electrically neutral.
The positive charges from cations (positive ions) must exactly balance the negative charges from anions (negative ions).
What rule is this?
The Zero-sum rule
What is the IUPAC name of K3N
Potassium nitride
Positive and negative ions held together by ionic bonds form what type of compound?
Ionic Compound- Crystal lattice
When drawing Lewis structures to show covalent bonds, how do we determine which element is the central atom?
The atom with the lowest EN goes in the centre.
To be a polar molecule, it must have ______bonds and be __________.
Have polar bonds and be asymmetrical.
Valence is....
An element’s bonding capacity.
Listed as oxidation states on the periodic table.
Naming compounds that contain Hydrogen is different because...
H can lose or gain 1 electron, sometimes acting as a metal (cation) and sometimes as a non-metal (anion).
H (+) (as a metal) and a non-metal (-)
Ex. HCl hydrogen chloride
Metal (+) and H (-)
Ex. NaH sodium hydride
Fluorine gains one electron to form a fluoride ion (F-). Does Fluorine become isoelectric with Helium or Neon?
Neon
Neon has 10 electrons, when Fluorine gains one electron, it also has 10 electrons.
What is the total number of electrons shared between two atoms of Nitrogen? N2
6
Electrons are shared unequally.
0.5 < ΔEN < 1.7
What type of bond would this be?
Polar Covalent Bonding
When writing ionic compounds which element do you list first, the metal or the non-metal?
metal
What is the chemical formula for Iron (II) Oxide
FeO
When bonded, are electrons transferred from Lithium to Oxygen
Or Oxygen to Lithium?
Lithium (Cation) to Oxygen (Anion)
Show the bond between Sodium and Oxygen using Lewis structures. What is the chemical formula?
Na2O
Na has 1 electron to transfer, and Oxygen requires 2 electrons for bonding. Therefore, we need two Na and one O.
How do we know that water is a polar molecule?
O and H are polar covalent bonds. (EN= 1.24)
Electrons are pulled towards O (higher EN) and it takes on a slightly negative charge, leaving both H with a slightly positive charge.
The water molecule is asymmetrical. (unpaired electron pairs on the central atom)
Intermolecular forces are....
Intermolecular forces are forces that exist between molecules. Determine physical properties: melting/boiling points, solubility, and physical state.
Using the Stock system name this compound Cu3N
Copper (I) nitride
Draw the Lewis structure for O2
O = O
Double bond between O atoms. 4 electrons shared.
Will CaCl2 conduct electricity when dissolved in water?
Yes. Ionic compounds (Lattice structures) dissolve in water and conduct electricity because their ions become free to move in the solution, allowing them to carry an electric current.
Intramolecular forces are....
Intramolecular forces are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule. Control the bond strength and stability of the compound.
What is the formula when the following bond?
K and S
K2S
What is the name of this polyatomic ion (OH) 1-
Hydroxide