1
The side-by-side overlap of p orbitals produces what kind of bond?
pi bond
Which of the following elements does NOT form an ion with a charge of 1+?
Hydrogen/Potassium/Fluorine/Sodium
Fluorine
What is the maximum number of d orbitals?
5
Which state of matter has an indefinite shape but a definite volume?
liquid
What is the maximum number of electrons in the 3rd principle energy level?
18
A process in which a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is condensed again into a liquid is called ______.
distillation
What element in the second period has the largest atomic radius? (atomic size decreases left to right, and increases top to bottom)
lithium
Which of the following is not an example of matter?
a. air
b. heat
c. smoke
d. water vapor
b. heat
What are quanta of light called?
photons
In a polar bond, the more electronegative atom attracts electrons more strongly and gains a slightly ____ charge.
negative
How many sig figs are in 0.07984?
4
electronegativity
What is another name for the transition metals?
Group B elements
The principle quantum number indicates what property of an electron?
the energy level
Which type of chemistry is concerned with the mechanism, rate, and energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change?
physical chemistry
The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom equals the.....
mass number
The tendency of electrons to enter orbitals of lowest energy first.
A. Aufbau principle
B. Pauli exclusion principle
C. Heisenburg uncertainty principle
A. Aufbau principle
The energy needed to move an electron from one energy level to another is called a ________.
quantum
All of the following changes to a metal are physical changes EXCEPT
a. melting
b. rusting
c. bending
d. polishing
b. rusting
1 calorie is equal to _____ Joules.
4.184
The density of a substance generally _______ as its temperature increases.
decreases
Who was the first to suggest the idea of atoms?
Democritus
When two objects are put together, which direction does the energy travel?
from the hotter to the colder object
The variable that is observed during an experiment is the ______ variable.
responding
Homogeneous mixtures can also be called _____.
solutions
Isotopes have a different number of ______ which means they will have different _____ numbers.
neutrons...mass
A ratio of equivalent measurements is called a.....
conversion factor
A ______ is a well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations.
theory
What are the two steps for solving conceptual problems?
analyze & solve
Which two subatomic particles have nearly the same mass?
protons & neutrons
What distinguishes substances from mixtures?
Mixtures can be separated physically, compounds (substances) cannot.
Who said that oxygen was required for something to burn?
Lavoisier
Emission of light from an atom occurs when....
an electron drops from a higher to a lower energy level
Which step comes last in solving numeric problems?
evaluate
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most ionic compounds?
A. they are solids
B. they have low melting points
C. when melted, they conduct an electric current
D. they are composed of metallic and nonmetallic elementsB. they have low melting points
What is equal to one amu?
How do the isotopes Hydrogen-1 and Hydrogen-2 differ?
Hydrogen-2 has one neutron; Hydrogen-1 has none
"Studying chemical containing carbon"
Is this an example of pure or applied chemistry?
pure
How are frequency and wavelength of light related?
inversely proportional
Why do atoms share electrons in covalent bonds?
To attain a noble gas electron configuration.
What are the five SI base units that are most commonly used by chemists?
meter, kg, kelvin, sec, mole
What 2 things should always be done to ensure effective problem solving?
What is 24 degrees Celsius expressed in Kelvin?
297 K
Explain the difference between an element and a compound.
element- single substance (can't be broken down)
compound- 2 or more elements chemically combined
Rewrite this measurement in scientific notation with only 2 significant figures: 26,682 cm
2.7 x 104
Name the 5 traditional areas of study that chemistry can be divided into.
organic, inorganic, biochemistry, analytical, physical
What is the electron configuration for chlorine?
1s22s22p63s23p5
Name an example of an extensive property & an intensive property. Distinguish which type they are.
extensive-mass/volume
intensive-type/boiling pt/color/shiny....
What is necessary to calculate the atomic mass of an element?
the masses of all the isotopes
What is the correct equation for error?