Vocab
Group 1 of the periodic table, super reactive with ONE valence electron
Alkali Metals
Draw the Lewis dot structure for Hydrogen.
Whiteboard should have an "H" with ONE valence electron on it!
Balance the following equation. Use a table to track atoms.
H₂ + O₂ → H₂O
2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
Mg + O -> MgO
Draw the bonding diagram.
(If Ionic use arrows for transfer and note ions + charges, If covalent circle shared pairs)
Mg has 2 valence electrons, O has 6 valence electrons.
Mg transfers 2 electrons to O
Ions form: [Mg]²⁺ [O]²⁻
Think back to borax crystal lab...one of the 5 signs of a chemical reaction was present when we checked them after 48 hours. What was it?
Formation of a precipitate (our crystal)
The part that gets dissolved in the solution. (Generally solid)
Solute
Symbol: Na
What element am I?
Sodium
Balance this equation:
N₂ + H₂ → NH₃
N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃
CaCl₂
Draw the bonding diagram.
(If Ionic use arrows for transfer and note ions + charges, If covalent circle shared pairs)
Ca loses 2 electrons
Two Cl atoms each gain 1 electron
Ions: [Ca]²⁺ + [Cl]⁻ + [Cl]⁻
During the lab where we lit different metals on fire, which of the 5 signs of a chemical reaction was evidences by the flame?
Color change
Transition Metals
Draw the lewis dot structure for Neon.
Ne is the correct abbreviation. Ne needs EIGHT valence electrons around it, a perfectly full valence!
Balance this equation:
C₃H₈ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
H₂O
Draw the bonding diagram.
(If Ionic use arrows for transfer and note ions + charges, If covalent circle shared pairs)
Oxygen in center, 2 Hs (one on each side of O)
Two shared pairs (O–H)
Two lone pairs on oxygen (4 electrons total on O and 2 bonds from O)
A ___________ solution contains the MAXIMUM amount of solute that dissolves in a solvent.
Saturated
In a chemical equation what is the right side of the equation referred to as?
Products
Symbol: K
What element am I?
Balance this:
Fe₂O₃ + CO → Fe + CO₂
Fe₂O₃ + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO₂
NH₃
Draw the bonding diagram.
(If Ionic use arrows for transfer and note ions + charges, If covalent circle shared pairs)
Covalent
One N, three Hs
Three circled pairs between N and H. N has ONE lone PAIR of electrons.
We combined 30% hydrogen peroxide with Potassium Iodide in an erlenmeyer flask. Was the reaction exothermic or endothermic? What was the evidence of a chemical reaction?
Exothermic (heat was lost to the environment)
Evidence: Temp change, as it increased. We also saw color change.
What does a covalent bond form between?
2 nonmetals
Draw the lewis dot structure for Bromine (Br)
Br should have SEVEN valence electrons around it.
Balance this:
Al₂(SO₄)₃ + Ca(OH)₂ → Al(OH)₃ + CaSO₄
Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3Ca(OH)₂ → 2Al(OH)₃ + 3CaSO₄
Al₂O₃
Draw the bonding diagram.
(If Ionic use arrows for transfer and note ions + charges, If covalent circle shared pairs)
Each Al loses 3 electrons
Each O gains 2 electrons
To balance electrons:
2 Al atoms lose 6 electrons total
3 O atoms gain 6 electrons total
Ions: [Al]³⁺ [Al]³⁺ [O]²⁻ [O]²⁻ [O]²⁻
Bubbling! It's also technically endothermic so there is also a temp decrease