Chemical Reactions
What is the process in which atoms are rearranged to produce new substances?
Chemical Reaction
What is the name of the substance that is being dissolved in a solution?
Solute
What tools can be used to safely test whether a substance is an acid or a base without smelling, touching, or tasting it?
An indicator.
What is the measure of how acidic or basic a solution is?
pH
How many elements are present in the following chemical formula: AlBr.
2
Name three signs that a chemical reaction has taken place.
Apperance of bubbles, formation of a precipitate, change in color, change in odor
What is the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated solution?
A saturated solution contains the most solute that can be completely dissolved in a given amount of solvent. An unsaturated solution can still dissolve more solute in the solvent.
Name three properties of acids.
Taste sour, increase hydronium in water, corrosive, turn blue litmus paper red.
Neutral
Name two products of a neutralization reaction.
Salt and water
How many molecules of oxygen are present in 4CO2
4
What is a name for a solution that has a small amount of solute in a given amount of solvent?
Dilute
What is the name for a reaction between an acid and bases in a water solution?
Neuralization reaction
The burning of fossil fuels releases sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, which combine with water in the air to produce sulfuric acid and nitric acid. What can this cause?
Acid Rain
What is the value range for bases on the pH scale? Be specific!
7.1 - 14
What does the law of conservation of mass state?
Matter is neither created nor destroyed in chemical changes. The left side of a chemical equation must show the same number and kinds of atoms as the right side.
Explain what a suspension is.
Large particles are distributed in a gas or a liquid, they do not dissolve so they block light, they can be separated by a filter.
Chemicals that are caustic and slippery are called what?
Bases
Two locations in the body where pH plays an important role are?
Stomach and blood
Name three things that can affect the rate of a chemical reaction.
Concentration, surface area, temperature, and presence of a catalyst.
A chemical reaction that requires an input of energy is called?
An endothermic reaction.
Name three factors that can affect solubility.
Temperature, surface area, motion
How do strong acids and bases behave differently than weak acids and bases?
Strong acids and bases break apart completely in water and weak acids and bases do not. Weak acids and bases remain mostly intact.
Name three different substances and their pH.
Lemon juice - 2
Milk - 6.5
Ammonia - 12
Balance the following chemical equation:
SiCl4 + H2O → H4SiO4 + HCl
SiCl4 + 4H2O → H4SiO4 + 4HCl