chapter 6
the number of protons in an atom
atomic number
a positively charged ion
cation
formed when two or more atoms bond covalently
molecule
the mass in grams of one mole of any pure substance
molar mass
a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter
temperature
extremely unreactive elements in group 18
noble gases
an element that is generally a gas or a dull, brittle solid and is a poor conductor of heat & electricity
nonmetal
the force that holds two atoms together
chemical bond
a ratio of equivalent values used to express the same quantity in different units
conversion factor
defined as force per are unit
pressure
an atom or a bonded group of atoms that have a positive or negative charge
ion
the attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons
metallic bond
an acid that contains both a hydrogen atom and an oxyanion
oxyacid
an atom, molecule, formula unit, or ion
representative particle
an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure
barometer
indicates the relative ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond
electronegativity
a one-atom ion
monatomic ion
represents the arrangement of electrons in a molecule
lewis structure
a compound that has a specific number of water molecules bond to its atoms
hydrate
one in which no kinetic energy is lost
elastic collision
alkali metals
reactve, usually exists as compounds, & are the group 1 elements
lattice energy
the energy required to seperate 1 mol of the ions of an ionic compound
pi bond
forms when parallel orbitals overlap and share electrons
crystal lattice
a three-dimensional geometric arrangement of particles
dalton's law
states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures of all the gases in the mixture