Energy
The ability to do work or produce heat
Energy
A measure of the average kinetic energy (random motions) of the particles in a sample, units: C, K
Temperature
Calorie (cal)
Amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1g of pure H2O by 1 C
When two objects _________ they transfer energy.
Collide
Calorimetry
The measurement of the heat into or out of a system for chemical and physical processes
Stored energy within a system
Potential Energy
Flow of energy due to a temperature difference, SI Unit is Joules, represented by Q
Heat
1 cal = ____________ Joules
4.184 Joules
Heat flows from ________ to ________.
Hot to cold
Calorimeter
An insulated device used for measuring the amount of heat absorbed or released during a chemical reaction.
Energy of Motion
Kinetic Energy
Endothermic or Exothermic?
Release of heat, gives out energy from a system to its surroundings
Exothermic
1 Joule = __________ cal
0.239 cal
The minimum amount of energy that a reaction needs to occur
Activation energy
What is the number one reason we use energy?
For transportation
Energy cannot be created or destroyed but is converted from one form of energy to another
Law of conservation of energy
Endothermic or Exothermic?
Absorption of heat, takes in energy from its surroundings
Endothermic
Thermochemistry
The study of heat changes that accompany chemical reactions and phase changes
Because humans use energy for different purposes, the energy goes through many kinds of _________.
Conversions.
What is the top source of electricity in the US?
petroleum
Energy that is stored in chemical bonds
Chemical Potential Energy
If the products have less energy than the reactants, and energy gets released, then the reaction is (endothermic/exothermic).
The reaction is exothermic
Every substance has a different ______ ______________ (2 words). This is why sand burns our feet at the beach but the water cools our feet. The sand and water have different heat ______________.
heat capacity
Everything else in the universe outside of a system
surroundings
A common exothermic reaction for human needs is the ___________________________.
combustion of carbon-based fuels