Chemistry 1
What are Ions?
An ion is an atom that has gained one or more electrons to be negatively charged, or lost one or more electrons to be negatively charged.
How many protons are there in Oxygen?
There are 8 protons in Oxygen.
What are valence electrons?
Valence electrons are the electrons of an atom that are in the outermost shell.
What is the difference between an Atom and Element?
Elements are pure substances with specific properties. Atoms are the smallest units of elements that still retain the element's properties. Atoms contain electrons, neutrons, and protons. Each element is defined by the number of protons in its nucleus.
Name any 5 elements in the periodic table.
Examples: Nitrogen, Helium, Gold, Copper, and Iron
What is an electron configuration? Give an example
The electron configuration of an atom describes how its electrons are arranged. The electron configuration of Chlorine is 2,8,7.
Why do atoms form ions?
Atoms form Ions to have a full outer shell or a stable electronic configuration.
What is an atomic number, and what is another name for it?
An atomic number of an element is the number of protons in its atom,It is also known as the proton number.
What is Ionic Bonding?
Ionic Bonding Is the electrostatic force of attraction between positive and negative charges
Explain the difference between ion and an atom.
An ion is charged and always has a complete outermost shell, and a atom is neutrally charged but may not have a complete outermost shell.
What are positively charged and negatively charged ions called.
Positively charged ions are called cations and negatively charged ions are called anions
How many protons, neutrons and electrons does a Magnesium atom have?
A magnesium atom has 12 protons, 12 neutrons and 12 electrons.
What is the maximum number of protons that can exist in the first and second shell?
A maximum number of 2 shells can exist in the first shell, and a maximum number of 8 shells can exist in the second shell.
What is a giant ionic structure?
A giant Ionic structure is the three dimensional pattern of positive and negative ions.
What is a compound and mixture, give an example.
A compound is a substance made up of atoms of two or more substances strongly joined together. Carbon dioxide is a compound.
A Mixture is a substance made up of atoms of two or more substances, the molecules are not strongly joined together. Paint is a mixture.
What are the 3 subatomic particles, where are they found and what are their charges?
The 3 subatomic particles are protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons and Neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom, and the electrons orbit around the nucleus in shells.
How are elements arranged in the periodic table?
In the periodic table elements are arranged in proton number or atomic number order.
How do Atoms turn into Ions?
Atoms turn into ions during a chemical reaction. During the reaction a valence electron moves from one atom to another to form an ion.
Name the 2 most common physical properties of Ionic compounds.
The two most common physical properties of Ionic compounds are high melting points and that they are brittle.
Name an example of a covalent bond.
Ammonia, NH4
What is a giant covalent structure?
A giant covalent structure is where a large number of atoms are joined by covalent bonds. It includes many covalent bonds. The atom is also very strong.
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What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?
The difference between ionic and covalent bonds is how the electrons are used. In ionic bonding, one atom donates electrons to the other. In covalent bonding, the two atoms share electrons. Covalent bonds share electrons and ionic bonds donate electrons.
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What is a covalent bond?
A covalent bond is a shared pair of electrons that holds 2 atoms together.