Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Chemical Compounds and Bonding
Molecular Compounds and Intermolecular Forces
The Effects of Chemical Reactions and Chemical processes
Quantities in Chemical Formulas
100
He proposed that an atom’s nucleus consist of positively charged particles called protons and the nucleus is surrounded by mainly empty space, in which are electrons.
Who is Rutherford?
100
A substance composed of molecules made up of two or more atoms of the same element.
What is a molecular element?
100
A molecule is considered this if it has a positive and negative pole.
What is polar?
100
A + B -> AB
What is a synthesis reaction?
100
The process of identifying substances present in a sample; no measuring involved.
What are Qualitative analyses?
200
This type of electron is important because it evens out the atoms and makes them neutral. It is in the outer most energy level or orbit.
What is valence electron?
200
4 Properties of ionic compounds
What are -Solid at room temperature -hard and brittle -High melting and boiling points (Bond is very strong) -conduct electricity as a liquid -Conducts electricity in water (Electrolyte)
200
An intermolecular force of attraction between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule.
What are Dipole-dipole forces?
200
A reaction that breaks down into two elements.
What is decomposition?
200
This is known as the Avagadro constant (Na).
What is 6.02 x 1023?
300
Isotopes that are not stable and break down.
What are radioisotopes?
300
The ability of an atom to attract boding electrons to itself.
What is electronegativity?
300
If a molecule is symmetrical it is considered this.
What is non-polar?
300
Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 -> CaSO4 + H2O
What is an example of a neutralization reaction?
300
This unit of counting is used because atoms, ions and molecules are so small, it is not practical to refer to these entities using actual total number.
What are moles (mol)?
400
The four points of the octet rule.
What is -Elements with a full valence shell are stable and won’t react -Noble gases have full valence shells making them stable -all other elements do not have full valence shells, allowing them to react - when atoms of elements combine, they usually gain a full valence shell.
400
An ionic compound that contains water molecules within its crystalline structure.
What is a hydrate?
400
Hydrogen and these three elements can occur in a hydrogen bond.
What is Nitrogen, Oxygen, or Fluorine?
400
The products from a complete combustion reaction of a hydrocarbon.
What are CO2, H2O and energy?
400
The mass of 1 mol of a substance; unit symbol g/mol.
What is molar mass?
500
This polyatomic ion is found in shells, pearls, chalk, and egg shells. It is also used as a calcium supplement.
What is Carbonate?
500
The number of unpaired bonding electrons that an atom has affects the number of covalent bonds that it can form.
What is bonding capacity?
500
4 properties that hydrogen bonds and polarity give water
What is Universal solvent -Unusually high melting an boiling points -Low density of ice -Unusually high specific heat capacity -Unusually high surface tension -Water is an excellent solvent for ionic compounds -Polar molecules can form hydrogen bonds with water - Water is the only compound that commonly exists in all three states on Earth.
500
The product of MgSO3 (aq) + HCl (aq)  using double displacement.
What is MgCl (aq) + HSO3(aq)?
500
A formula that shows the simplest whole-number ratio of elements in a compound.
What is the empirical formula?
M
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u