Atomic theory
Who proposed that matter is made of indivisible atoms?
Dalton
What subatomic particle has a positive charge?
Proton
What type of bond forms between a metal and a nonmetal?
Ionic bond
What does electronegativity describe?
An atom’s ability to attract electrons
True or False: All covalent bonds are nonpolar.
False
Which scientist discovered the electron?
Thomson
Where are electrons located in an atom?
Outside the nucleus
What type of bond forms between two nonmetals?
Covalent bond
Which element is the most electronegative?
Fluorine
True or False: A polar bond always makes a polar molecule.
False
Who proposed the nuclear model of the atom?
Rutherford
Which subatomic particle has no charge?
Neutron
In which type of bond are electrons transferred?
Ionic bond
What type of bond forms when electrons are shared unequally?
Polar covalent bond
Is CO₂ a polar or nonpolar molecule?
Nonpolar
Which model placed electrons in fixed energy levels?
Bohr model
What determines the identity of an element?
Number of protons
In which type of bond are electrons shared?
Covalent bond
What symbol is used to show partial charges in a polar bond?
δ⁺ and δ⁻
Why is H₂O a polar molecule?
It has polar bonds and an asymmetric shape
Which modern model describes electrons as probability clouds?
Wave-mechanical (electron cloud) model
Which subatomic particle is most involved in chemical bonding?
Valence electrons
Is NaCl held together by ionic or covalent bonding?
Ionic bonding
Why is the O–H bond in water considered polar?
Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen
Does electronegativity difference determine bond polarity or molecular polarity?
Bond polarity