Radiographic Anatomy
The bony thorax consists of the sternum, two clavicles, two scapulae, twelve pairs of ribs and
What is the thoracic vertebrae posteriorly
small air sacs located at the distal ends of the bronchioles in which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the blood
What are Alveoli
a broad and deep thorax is associated with this type of body habitus
What is hypersthenic
This amount of separation of the posterior ribs on a lateral chest projection indicates excessive rotation from a true lateral
What is greater than 1cm (1/2 to 3/4 inch)
The primary disadvantage of performing an AP projection of the chest rather than a PA?
What is increased magnification of the heart
The two important bony landmarks of the thorax that are used for locating the central ray on a posteroanterior (PA) and anteroposterior (AP) chest projection
What are the jugular notch and vertebra prominence
Air or gas that enters this space and results in a condition called
pneuomothorax
The minimum number of ribs that should be demonstrated above the diaphragm on a PA radiograph of an average adult chest with full inspiration?
This specific position would be used if the patient were unable to stand but the physician suspected the patient had free air in the left pleural cavity.
What is right lateral decubitus
These following factors must be applied to minimize magnification of the heart?
What is utilizing a 72 inch SID and a large SOD
This bone is seen in the anterior portion of the neck and is found just below the tongue or floor of the mouth
The lower concave portion of the lungs
What is the base
The amount of kilovoltage peak used for adult chest radiography
What is to rule out calcifications or masses beneath the clavicles
The AP oblique projection—RPO position of the chest corresponds to, and essentially produces the same image as, the:
What is LAO position
The voice box
What is the larynx
The central area in which bronchi and blood vessels enter the lungs
What is the hilum
The central ray for a PA chest x-ray is located at this thoracic vertebrae
What is T7
The shoulder need to be rolled forward for the PA projection to allow this part to move laterally and to be clear of the lung fields.
What is the scapula
Th is the main way for Radiographers to control voluntary motion
What is giving clear instructions
The inner layer membrane adhering to the surface of the lungs
What is the visceral pleura
The upper, rounded portion above the level of the clavicles
What is the apices
Centering for the Chest places the top of the image receptor this amount above the shoulders
1 and 1/2 to 2 inches above the shoulders
This position/projection would be used for a patient who is too ill or weak to stand for an apical lordotic projection?
What is an AP semiaxial projection, central ray 15-20 degrees cephalad
The central ray is lowered 1 inch from the PA for this reason.
What is to minimize the effect of the divergent beam by including the costophrenic angles