Anatomy
Diaphragm contracts and pushes the abdominal contents down while the chest wall pushes outward
Inspiration
Part of assessment that includes asking about asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, and injuries to chest
Past Medical History
Includes inspecting for symmetrical thorax and anterior-posterior diameter less than transverse diameter
Initial Inspection
Crackling, crunching sensation that occurs when air is pushed through the soft tissue in the chest.
Crepitus
Accumulation of serous fluid in the pleural space between the visceral and parietal pleurae.
Pleural Effusion
The trachea, right and left main stem bronchi, segmental and subsegmental bronchi, and the terminal bronchioles make this up.
The lower airway
Common causes of acute cough
The appearance of the skin of the breasts upon inspection
What is smooth, even color.
<12 breaths per minute
Bradypnea
Traumatic condition in which blood enters the pleural space presents as chest pain and dyspnea.
Hemothorax
The name for the 11th and 12th ribs
floating ribs
Dyspnea
Surface characteristics and discharge
Varying periods of increasing depth interspersed with apnea
Cheyne-Stokes
Collapsed alveoli caused by external pressure from a tumor, fluid, air in the pleural space, or lack of air from hypoventilation/obstruction by secretions.
The number of lobes present in the left and right lung
two and three
Hobbies, allergens, air pollution, exposure to smoke of others within your home are examples of.
Environmental Conditions that affect breathing.
Sounds heard when auscultating over the main bronchi
Exhalation through the mouth with the lips pursed together to slow exhalation
Pursed-Lip Breathing
Inflammation of mucous membranes of bronchial tree presenting as nonproductive cough, sore ribs, coughing, malaise, and wheezing.
The External thoracic cage components
12 thoracic vertebrae
12 pair of ribs
Sternum
Cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain with breathing.
commonly reported problems related to lungs
Provides information about the density of underlying lung tissue
Fremitus
Scoliosis
Airway disease that occurs as a response to allergens, cold air, vigorous exercise and may present as dyspnea, tightness in chest, tachycardia, tachypnea with audible wheeze.
Asthma