Elements, atoms, molecules, etc.
subatomic particles with a positive charge
protons
substance that is dissolved in a solution
solute
abbreviation used for potential hydrogen, representing quantity of hydrogen ions
pH
rapid oxidation of substance accompanied by the production of heat and light
combustion
physical mixture
any substance that occupies space and has mass
matter
an unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances plus a special ingredient
emulsion
a measurement of acidity and alkalinity of a substance
pH scale
a substance that causes an increase in cellular mutations, some of which are harmful but others which have little or no effect on the body's function, may cause cancer but not always
mutagen
a substance that causes or is believed to cause cancer
carcinogen
a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions
molecules
a substance that dissolves the solute and makes a solution
solvent
also known as bases, compounds that react with acids to form salts
alkalis
colorless gas with a pungent odor that is composed of hydrogen and nitrogen
ammonia
a chemical combination of matter in definite proportions
pure substance
the smallest chemical components of an element, structures that make up the element and have the same properties of the element
atom
ingredient that brings two normally incompatible materials together and binds them into a uniform and fairly stable mixture
emulsifier
an alpha hydroxy acid used in exfoliation and to lower the pH of products
glycolic acid
prolonged, repeated, or long-term exposure that can cause sensitivity
overexposure
sweet, colorless, oily substances used of solvent and as a moisturizer in skin and body creams
glycerin
atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge
ion
unstable physical mixtures of undissolved particles in a liquid
suspensions
when acids are mixed with alkalis in equal proportions, balancing the total pH and forming water and a salt
acid-alkali neutralization reactions
a substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound
reducing agent
chemical reaction that releases a significant amount of heat
exothermic reaction