Colonialism & Empire
What major Pre-Columbian city, near modern-day Mexico City, was revered by the Aztecs?
Tenochtitlan
What was the central conflict regarding the Mexican Cession of 1848 that led to Civil War?
Abolition
Which Mesoamerican culture is considered the “mother culture” and known for stone heads?
Olmecs
What movement emphasized cultural pride and student activism in El Plan de Santa Bárbara?
Movimiento Estudiantil Chicano de Aztlan (MEChA)
What does the Virginia Slave Code of 1662 say determines a child’s status?
The status of the child would follow the condition of the mother
What group was recruited as intermediaries between the Plains and Pueblo peoples, building adobe villages?
Jumano Natives
What is the name of the concept used to argue that each territory could decide on slavery?
Popular Sovereignty
What Maya achievement is considered mathematically revolutionary?
Development of the concept of zero
What were two core demands in El Plan de Santa Bárbara?
Self-determination and higher education should be a tool for the liberation of the Chicano community
What early U.S. document had unequal application of rights based on race?
Bill of Rights
What concept describes the racial and cultural blending of Spanish, Indigenous, and African people?
Mestizaje
What controversial law was strengthened by the Compromise of 1850?
Fugitive Slave Law
What city was founded by Cortés in 1519 before his conquest of Tenochtitlan?
Veracruz
What was the purpose of New Spain’s northern frontier during colonization?
to serve as a Buffer Zone
What system structured colonial life based on Spanish birth and race hierarchy?
The Casta System
Cabeza de Vaca’s La Relación helped fuel Spanish belief in what mythical place?
Seven Cities of Gold
What Indigenous-rooted concept was revived in the Chicano Movement to assert identity?
Aztlan
In what year and country was slavery abolished via the Guerrero Decree?
1829
What Enlightenment values inspired both U.S. and Mexican independence movements?
Liberty and Natural Rights, Self-Determination/Self-Rule, Rejection of Monarchy, & Equality
What were 3 ways Mexican Americans' racial status was negotiated after the U.S.–Mexico War?
Legal Whiteness, Wedge Racial Group, Reverse One-Drop Rule
What made the French model of colonization different from the Spanish and English?
Trade-based colonialism, focusing on the fur trade and alliances with Indigenous peoples.
What tools maintained forced labor or exclusion in CA after it became a “free state”?
Legal and Social Mechanisms for Forced Labor and Exclusion
What Pre-Columbian site features the Pyramid of the Sun and Moon and had 100,000+ residents?
Teotihuacan
What does “double colonization” refer to in the Chicane experience?
Spanish colonization and U.S. colonization
What philosophical movement emphasized natural rights, liberty, and freedom?
The Enlightenment