Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was between which leaders. Give their name
CCP leader: Mao Zedong
GMD leader: Chiang Kai-shek ( Jiang Jieshi)
Between which years Mao ruled China?
1949 - 1976
When did the Cultural Revolution start?
The Cultural Revolution, initiated by Mao Zedong in 1966
What were the economic consequences of the Great Leap Forward?
The Great Leap Forward led to economic collapse, agricultural failures, and widespread famine, resulting in millions of deaths.
In 1950 a New Marriage Law was passed which gave:
Equal rights to women
Banned arranged marriages
Permitted women to own property
Children born to unmarried parents were given equal rights in society
Divorce was made readily available to both men and women.
What were the ideological differences between the two groups?
The differences:
CCP wanted restructuring society in accordance with Marxist principles; the elimination of property ownership and privileges for the bourgeois class
Property becomes collectively owned
Political power resides in the CCP through the communist revolution
However, GMD wanted the control of the middle class and introducing more democratic values
“Let a hundred flowers bloom,..... (complete the Mao's thought)
“Let a hundred flowers bloom, let a hundred schools of thought contend”.
Who should be targeted in the Cultural Revolution?
Party Members and Leaders. Intellectuals and Educators: Cultural Institutions and Traditionalists
When did The Great Leap Forward happen?
The Great Leap Forward 1958-62
What were the negative effects of policy about women?
• There was a huge increase in the numbers of divorces – 1.3 million divorce. Destroyed traditional family society.
What were the economic and political causes of the war?
Economic causes:
Mainly agriculturally based economy and less industrialized
Natural disasters, particularly famine and drought, caused a lot of death
In the 1930s, 4.5 % of the population lived in towns.
Political causes:
In 1912, the last emperor abdicated, and empire ruling system collapsed.
As a result, the rise of regional warlords began
What was The Hundred Flowers campaign aim and when did it happen?
program that encouraged China’s intellectuals to submit different ideas, opinions and suggestions – even criticism of the party and its policies . 1956
What were the aims of the Cultural Revolution ?
What were The Great Leap Forward's principals?
The Great Leap Forward had 2 principal:
1).The peasants would produce a surplus of food to be sold abroad to raise money for the expansion of Chinese industry
2).Through the mass production of steel, would create modern industrial economy, powerful enough to compete with the Soviet Union and the capitalist West
How did Mao’s policies transform the role of women in Chinese society?
Mao promoted gender equality in law, encouraged women to work, and discouraged traditional practices like arranged marriages.
When did the long march happen, and what was the main aim?
CCP members set out the Long March 1934, and they reached Yanan Province in China. CCP tried to avoid clashes in order to survive.
What was the main aim of the Anti-Rightist campaign, when did it happen?
Those who had voiced criticisms of the CCP and its government were themselves targeted, most notably during the Anti-Rightist campaign (1957).
How did art and literature change under Mao’s rule?
Art and literature were used as propaganda tools to promote socialist realism and the Communist Party’s achievements.
What actions should peasants take for the implementation of the The Great Leap Forward
Action:
- Half of billion peasants were obliged to live and work in communes
- Individual peasants no longer allowed to farm for themselves or make a profit
- Surplus food became the property of the state and invested to industrial growth
How did Mao use propaganda to influence Chinese society?
Mao used propaganda to glorify his image, promote socialist values, and mobilize the masses in favor of his policies.
What role did foreign intervention play in determining the outcome of the Chinese Civil War?
Allies
The Soviet Union had an interest in establishing communism after the Japanese surrender, so he provided the CCP with personnel and weapons, including granting access to the Japanese arms depots.
The USA’s anti-communist stance prevented the spread of communism. As a result of the USA’s support through naval and air transport, the Nationalists managed to capture a majority of cities in China.
What were the political ideology of the Mao forChina? State 2
Maoist ideology emphasized class struggle, anti-imperialism, and collectivism, forming a one-party state focused on socialist transformation.
How did Mao’s policies affect religious practices in China?
Mao’s government suppressed religious institutions, viewing them as incompatible with socialist ideology.
How did Mao’s Five-Year Plans reflect his economic goals for China?
Mao’s plans aimed at rapid industrialization and collectivization, modeled after the Soviet Union but adapted for Chinese circumstances.
What role did youth play in the Cultural Revolution?
Mao mobilized students and youth as Red Guards to challenge authority figures, leading to a radical reshaping of social and educational structures.