Speed
very slow
largo
f
forte - loud
gradually getting louder
crescendo
without accompaniment
a cappella
raise a pitch by one half step
sharp
very fast
presto
pp
pianissimo - very soft
gradually getting slower
ritardando
all together
tutti
emphasis on a note
accent
moderate speed
moderato
mp
mezzo piano - medium soft
suddenly
subito
short and detached, choppy
staccato
lower a pitch by one half step
flat
gradually getting faster
accelerando
mf
mezzo forte - medium loud
return to the original tempo
a tempo
hold
fermata
cancels sharps and flats
natural
slow, leisurely speed
adagio
the louds and softs in music
dynamics
ff
fortissimo - very loud
smooth
legato
strongly accented
sforzando