choking
A person is choking but can still cough forcefully and speak. According to the Red Cross approach, what should you do?
Encourage them to keep coughing and observe them, rather than immediately performing choking interventions.
You approach a patient who appears unconscious. What should you do to determine their level of responsiveness?
Tap the person and shout, such as asking, “Are you okay?” while checking for a response.
You arrive at an emergency and see an injured person on the ground. Before approaching them, what should you do?
Check the scene for safety and identify any hazards.
A student gets a small cut on their hand. The bleeding is minor and controlled.
Which TWO items from a first-aid kit would be most appropriate?
gloves and a bandage.
You determine that an adult cannot speak, cry, or cough. Before giving physical care, what two things should happen?
Call 9-1-1/get emergency help and get equipment, or direct someone else to do so.
A patient responds to you but is having obvious difficulty breathing. They also have a visibly injured arm.
Which problem should you prioritize during your initial assessment, and why?
Breathing. A potentially life-threatening breathing problem takes priority over the arm injury.
You arrive at a car crash. You see broken glass, leaking fuel, and cars still driving nearby.
Should you immediately approach the patient?
No. The scene contains multiple hazards. Stay at a safe location, keep others away, and activate appropriate emergency help.
A student scrapes their knee on the ground. There is some dirt in the wound and minor bleeding.
Which supplies would be appropriate to grab?
gloves gauze bandage antiseptic wipes
You have confirmed that an adult has a severe airway obstruction. Which comes first?
A. 5 abdominal thrusts
B. 5 back blows
C. 5 chest compressions
D. Give them water
B — 5 back blows.
You ask a patient what happened. They say, “Nothing, I'm totally fine.” However, you notice that they are confused, pale, and breathing abnormally.
Should you consider the patient stable simply because they said they're fine? Explain.
No. You assess the patient's actual condition, including responsiveness, breathing, appearance, and other signs—not just what they tell you.
You see someone collapse inside a building. They are clearly visible and appear to need help, but you smell a strong chemical odor. Should you enter?
The chemical could be hazardous to the responder. You shouldn't enter an unsafe scene; get appropriate emergency personnel to handle the hazard.
A student has a bleeding cut on their forearm. You put on gloves and apply gauze with direct pressure, but the gauze becomes soaked with blood.
What should you do with the original gauze?
Don't remove the original gauze. Continue applying pressure and add additional gauze/dressings over it as appropriate.
During the back blows, where should you strike, and what part of your hand should make contact?
Between the shoulder blades, using the heel of your hand. Each back blow should be a separate strike.
You approach a patient who is awake and talking normally. While asking what happened, you notice they suddenly become quiet and stop responding to your questions.
Their responsiveness and breathing. A change in responsiveness can indicate that their condition is worsening.
Your friend runs toward an injured person without checking the surroundings. You notice live electrical wires on the ground nearby.
What is the biggest danger of your friend continuing toward the patient?
Your friend could become another victim. Rescuers must avoid exposing themselves to the same hazard.
A student accidentally touches a hot surface and has a minor burn on their hand.
You have gloves, gauze, adhesive bandages, an instant cold pack, and a clean water source.
Which item/resource should you prioritize, and which should you NOT place directly on the burn?
Cool running water should be prioritized. Do not place an instant cold pack directly on the burn.
You give an adult 5 back blows, but the obstruction isn't relieved.
What is the next intervention, and what direction should the force be applied?
Give 5 abdominal thrusts, pulling inward and upward each time. Continue alternating 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts until the person can cough, cry, or speak, or becomes unresponsive.
what do the abcs stand for?
You are called to help someone who fell off a bike. Which observation should make you stop and reassess scene safety before approaching?
A. The patient says their wrist hurts.
B. The patient is crying.
C. A car is approaching the scene at high speed.
D. The patient has a scrape on their knee.
C . The car
You arrive at a student with severe bleeding from an arm. Your kit contains:
Which item is the most important specialized tool to consider for the severe bleeding, and what should you do while getting the kit ready?
A tourniquet, call 911