Guidelines
The minimum amount of total cholesterol that designates an individual as high risk?
What is 240 mg/dL
The current dietary suggested restriction for consumption of cholesterol daily.
What is <300 mg/dL.
The health-promoting roles of HDL.
What are: "efflux" (excess cholesterol in arteries taken to the liver), increased production of NO, antioxidant, increases insulin sensitivity, etc.
Exercise interventions are most influential for this lipid value (two answers possible).
What are HDL and/or Triglycerides.
The recommended minimum HDL values for men and women, respectively.
What are 45 mg/dL and 55 mg/dL.
True or False: Non-drinkers tend to have lower HDL levels than drinkers
What is True.
The best cholesterol indicator of CHD risk.
What is LDL level.
The treatment intervention that causes the most significant decreases in cholesterol levels.
What is medication.
The reason for using the top cut point value for total cholesterol that is currently used to categorize high risk.
What is it represented the 75th percentile of total cholesterol levels when the guidelines were first established.
The type of fat that best reduces LDL levels (and can even boost HDL levels).
What is polyunsaturated.
The percent of total cholesterol that is HDL and the percent that is non-HDL.
What are 25% and 75%
True or False: The best dietary improvement to make for reducing cholesterol is consuming less cholesterol
What is false.
The cholesterol measures that you need to be fasting to get adequate readings for.
What are triglycerides and LDL.
The impact on LDL levels when someone simply lowers their overall fat intake without a specific emphasis on types of fats increased or decreased.
What is no significant change. A specific reduction in saturated fat is necessary to meaningfully reduce LDL.
Three reasons LDL levels increase with age (20-40 mg/dL between 20-60 years of age).
What are: Decreased LDL receptor expression (long term diet effects), increased sedentary behavior, increase in body fat, hormone changes (estrogen)
What percent of the coronary arteries must be covered with plaque before surgery is considered (+/- 10%)?
The currently considered ideal value for LDL (especially for those already at higher CVD risk).
<70 mg/dL
The reason fiber is beneficial to cholesterol levels. And which type of fiber specifically.
What is soluble fiber because it is not absorbed so it can bind with cholesterol in the digestive tract and keep it from being absorbed into the body thereby keeping levels lower.
The number of weeks it took for research subjects on the Pritiken Program (10% of cals from fat, 1-2 hrs. exercise per day, high complex carb focus) to see significant changes in their lipid profile.
What is 3 weeks (21 days).
How physiologically exercise can independently impact LDL (not based on changes in HDL).
What is increasing the size of the lipoproteins--smaller LDL particles are greater risk to the arteries.