Freedom and Safety
What is a refugee?
A person forced to leave their country due to danger, such as war, or because they can’t share their opinions.
What industries in the 1800s attracted immigrants to Canada for jobs?
Mining, farming, and fishing.
Who were the Black Loyalists?
Black people who fought for Britain during the American Revolution in exchange for freedom and land.
What was the Red River Colony, and when was it founded?
A settlement in Manitoba founded in 1812 by mostly Scottish immigrants.
Why did many people move to Canada in the past?
To escape wars, danger, or poverty and to find better opportunities.
A severe shortage of food that leads to widespread hunger and sometimes death.
Why did many Black Loyalists move to Canada after the American Revolution?
They were promised freedom and land for their service in the war.
What group of people was upset about the founding of the Red River Colony?
The First Nations and Métis, who were not consulted about the new settlers.
What year did multiculturalism become part of Canada’s identity and get protected by law?
1971
What challenges did some immigrants face when they moved to Canada?
Finding jobs, learning a new language, and unfair treatment.
What struggles did Black Loyalists face in Canada after the war?
They faced discrimination and often didn’t receive the land they were promised.
What event in the 1800s led over 100,000 people to move to Yukon?
The Gold Rush of 1897.
How does Canada protect the rights of different cultures and religions?
Through multiculturalism laws that allow people to practice any religion and keep their culture.
Why did immigrants from Denmark, Poland, Sweden, and Ukraine come to Canada in the 1800s?
To farm in Canada’s Prairies.
What was the War of 1812?
A war between the United States and Britain, in which some Black Loyalists fought for Britain again.
What were boomtowns, and why did they grow quickly in Yukon?
Boomtowns were fast-growing towns that appeared during the Gold Rush to support miners.
What did some people who disagreed with their government do in response?
They moved to Canada for freedom to speak their opinions.
What is the Underground Railroad?
A secret network used to help enslaved Black people escape to freedom, including to Canada.
What is the significance of Birchtown, Nova Scotia, in Black Canadian history?
It was one of the first Black settlements in Canada, built by Black Loyalists.
What challenges did early settlers in Canada face in the 1800s?
Harsh weather, locusts eating crops, and flooding rivers.